Introduction to the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot

  Diabetes mellitus is a group of clinical syndromes caused by endocrine metabolic disorders such as blood glucose, blood lipids and blood pressure. According to modern research, chronic complications such as diabetic nephropathy, diabetic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetic retinopathy and diabetic foot can occur in 5-10 years of its development, which seriously endanger the physical and mental health of patients. This article briefly summarizes the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot in order to attract the attention of patients.  I. Diagnosis of diabetic foot WHO defines diabetic foot as foot infection, ulcer and/or deep tissue breakdown associated with distal nerve abnormalities and peripheral vasculopathy of different degrees in the lower limbs.  Second, the typing of diabetic foot (Xi Jiuyi grading method (from Xi Jiuyi on vascular disease)) 1, skin degeneration skin lesion type; 2, fascial tendon deformation necrosis type; 3, thrombo-occlusive ischemic necrosis type; 4, peripheral nerve degeneration paralysis type; 5, toe and metatarsal bone degeneration atrophy type.  Diabetic foot gangrene grading: Level 0: foot with risk factors for foot ulcers, currently no ulcers; Level 1: performance ulcers, no clinical infection; Level 2: deeper ulcers, often combined with soft tissue inflammation, no abscesses or bone infection; Level 3: deep infection, with bone tissue lesions or abscesses; Level 4: limited gangrene (toe, heel or forefoot dorsum); Level 5: total foot gangrene. Clinical manifestations of the general performance of the foot, such as dry skin of the lower limbs and feet, numbness, tingling or loss of sensation; ischemic manifestations, such as skin dystrophy, muscle atrophy, hair loss, decreased skin temperature, etc., the most typical is intermittent claudication and rest pain.  Treatment of diabetic foot 1, Western medicine treatment: anti-infection, skin implant, nerve nutrition, vascular repair, amputation.  2, Chinese medicine treatment: evidence-based treatment, internal and external treatment.