Workplace accidents, sudden accidents, and natural disasters have led to an increase in the number of patients with limb disability, and the main complication of amputation patients is phantom limb pain (phantomlimbpain, PLP). Phantom limb pain, also known as phantom limb pain, refers to the subjective feeling that the amputated limb is still present and is accompanied by pain of varying degrees, mostly at the distal end of the amputated limb. Most phantom limb pain is combined with residual limb pain or phantom limb sensation. The prevalence of phantom limb pain is 60%-90% in most reports, and 5%-10% of patients present with severe phantom limb pain; its main pain characteristics are throbbing, stabbing, drilling-like, squeezing, burning, writhing pain, and some patients have headache and back pain, which are mostly episodic and worsen in paroxysms. In addition to pain, patients with phantom limb pain may also suffer from depression, anxiety, hypomania, insomnia, obsessive-compulsive disorder, loneliness, self-isolation, self-pity, and loss of confidence, which is called “amputation syndrome” and can extend for years or even decades. Phantom limb pain is a form of neuropathicpain, the pathogenesis of which has not yet been determined. Clinical trials have shown that phantom limb pain may be related to changes in various sensory afferents, such as peripheral receptors, sensory afferent fibers, spinal conduction pathways, thalamus, and even cortical changes, and is closely related to the patient’s psychological factors. At present, phantom limb pain is mainly considered to be central pain. 1.Conservative treatment includes medication, Chinese medicine treatment, physical therapy, psychotherapy, etc. Drug treatment can achieve analgesic effect in a short time (mainly morphine, gabapentin, etc.). Physiotherapy can help patients optimize gait and posture, improve muscle strength and physical function (including transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TENS) therapy, pulsed electrical stimulation therapy, interferential electricity, magnetic therapy, wax therapy, etc.). Psychotherapy includes stress reduction and cognitive behavioral therapy. In addition, alternative therapies such as acupuncture should not be neglected. These measures should be combined with pharmacotherapy to maximize pain relief. Intrathecal slow-release analgesic drug implantation therapy This method is mostly used for cancer analgesia, but in recent years, it has also been applied to non-cancer chronic analgesia. 3. Surgery Stimulation and destruction of certain links of nociceptive afferents and even nociceptive centers, including peripheral nerve stimulation, spinal cord thermal coagulation therapy, spinal cord stimulation therapy, spinal cord and deep brain stimulation, anterolateral spinal cord dissection, spinal nerve root dissection, spinal nerve entrance destruction, lateral spinal column stimulation, etc. Among them, TENS, destruction of the posterior spinal nerve root entry zone (DREZ) (overall efficiency 70%-90%), spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and deep brain stimulation are more effective. 4, spinal cord electrical stimulation Spinal cord electrical stimulation (spinalcordstimulation, SCS) is a treatment method to block the transmission of pain signals by placing a stimulating electrode device into the epidural cavity of the spinal canal and stimulating the sensory neurons in the posterior horn of the spinal cord and the conduction bundle of the posterior column with a continuous electric current generated by an electric pulse generator to achieve the therapeutic purpose. In 1975, Dooley et al. invented the method of using a puncture technique to place electrode wires into the epidural cavity and treat pain with low current stimulation, which led to a boom in the use of spinal cord electrical stimulation to treat pain in Europe and the United States. At that time, due to the limitation of equipment and theory, the treatment effect was not very stable. In recent years, with the deepening of understanding and the updating and improvement of equipment, the success rate and efficiency of treatment have been improved. The current SCS system includes: stimulation electrodes, extension leads, electrical pulse generators, and patient and physician programmable equipment. The stimulation electrodes are surgically placed into the epidural cavity and the extension lead is connected through a subcutaneous tunnel to an electrical pulse generator buried around the abdomen or buttocks. A low current is continuously generated by the electrical pulse generator to achieve the therapeutic effect. It is now common in Japan and the United States to use wire or sheet electrodes with multiple electrode contacts up to 3 vertebral body lengths. This requires the spine surgeon to place and fix the electrodes in the epidural space of the intended spinal cord segment through a laminotomy. In recent years, various studies on SCS for postoperative pain and intractable neuralgia in the lumbar spine have shown that SCS is effective in about 80% of cases, and Kumar et al. reported that in 100 patients with failed back surgery syndrome (FBSS) with predominantly lower extremity pain treated with SCS, 88% of patients had significant pain improvement. In Japan, a neighboring country, there have been many reports of SCS treatment for extremity neuralgia that is not caused by nerve root or spinal cord compression in recent years. The efficacy is also very obvious. And SCS treatment can avoid drug dependence and other side effects caused by long-term use of analgesic drugs in pain patients. Q: What are the contraindications to SCS treatment? A: SCS is contraindicated in patients with the following diseases or conditions: (1) patients who have had a myocardial infarction within 3 months; (2) patients with severe hypertension or diabetes; (3) patients with personality disorders or psychological instability; (4) patients during pregnancy; (5) patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs) or pacemaker dependence; (6) patients with local infection at the pre-implantation site; (7) patients with local infection at the pre-implantation site; and (8) patients with a chronic painful condition. (6) patients with local infection at the pre-implantation site; (7) patients who are unable to implant electrodes because of severe anatomical abnormalities of the spinal mechanism; (8) patients on anticoagulant medication; (9) patients with drug dependence. Q: What is the whole treatment process of spinal cord electrical stimulation? A: Treatment is generally divided into two phases, Phase I surgery (experiential treatment) and Phase II surgery (long-term treatment). 1. Undergo evaluation and set treatment goals Before receiving treatment, you need to communicate with your doctor about the treatment goals and expectations. 2. Phase I surgery A small, very minimally invasive procedure in which the surgeon places electrodes into the spinal epidural, allowing you to experience and feel the effects of pain control during the procedure. 3.Experience treatment Back to the ward, continue to experience spinal cord electrical stimulation treatment, you can self-adjust the intensity of stimulation within the safety range set by the doctor, fully feel and adapt to determine the effect of treatment. 4.Second stage surgery The neurostimulator system for long-term use will be buried in the body. 5.Discharge Take the patient controller home and you can control the symptoms by yourself. However, it is necessary to observe the precautions for self-care in daily life. 6.Regular follow up A follow-up visit to the hospital is required every six months or once a year. Preparation for experiential treatment Q: What is experiential treatment? A: One of the advantages of spinal cord electrical stimulation is that you can experience the effects of spinal cord electrical stimulation before you decide to have a long-term neurostimulator implanted to see if it can help you improve your symptoms. To receive experiential therapy, you will need to cooperate with your doctor to complete a very minor procedure. Although it is done in an operating room, it is very different from back surgery. The doctor places a temporary electrode on your back through a technique similar to a seal, and the other end of the electrode is connected to an external temporary system that can be carried around your waist. The temporary stimulator is turned on and it can perform almost the same function as the implanted stimulator. This way, you can begin to experience the sensation of electrical stimulation of the spinal cord. On the operating table, the surgeon will ask which setting will feel best for you to experience, and this will determine where to leave the electrodes. After the procedure, you can return to your room with the temporary system to continue the experience. The experience is a sensory interaction that can be adjusted in vitro, allowing you to personally adjust your treatment settings within the safety parameters set by the doctor. When you feel uncomfortable, you can stop at any time without causing harm to your body. During your treatment experience, you will be able to experience and judge the results yourself, the degree of improvement and your satisfaction. You can walk around and do most of the things you are used to doing. However, it is important to observe precautions to avoid conditions such as displacement of the device or infection. Experience treatment usually lasts no more than 10 days and no more than 14 days. Prolonging the experience treatment can lead to an increased risk of infection.