Renal puncture biopsy, known as renal puncture biopsy method, is the only method for pathological diagnosis of kidney disease. It is performed under ultrasound guidance by puncturing the biopsied kidney tissue with a puncture needle, taking out a small amount of kidney tissue and examining it by light microscopy, electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy to understand the morphological and immunological changes of kidney damage and to perform pathological analysis. Kidney biopsy is beneficial to clarify the diagnosis, guide the treatment, judge the prognosis, explore the relationship between clinical typing and pathological typing, and is also one of the important means to improve the clinical and scientific research of kidney disease. 1.Application of renal puncture biopsy can clarify the diagnosis There are basically three diagnostic methods for kidney disease, one is clinical diagnosis, the second is pathological diagnosis, and the third is immunopathological diagnosis, the latter two diagnoses must rely on renal puncture biopsy. 2.Provide an important basis for clinical formulation of treatment plan and revision of treatment plan In acute kidney disease, especially acute progressive nephritis, only renal aspiration biopsy can confirm the diagnosis, and the timely use of high-dose hormone shock therapy after diagnosis is of great significance in rescuing acute and critical cases. 3.Judging the prognosis After a clear diagnosis of renal puncture biopsy, the prognosis of the lesion can basically be estimated. Clinically diagnosed as the same type of nephritis, the pathology has different manifestations and its prognosis is not the same. Therefore, the development of renal puncture biopsy method is very important for clinical diagnosis, guiding treatment and judging prognosis.