The clinical manifestations of cerebral white matter demyelination are diverse, depending on the site of the lesion and the type of lesion. Patients can clinically manifest visual impairment, limb weakness, sensory abnormalities, and total disorders. Patients can develop autonomic dysfunction, can develop psychiatric symptoms and cognitive dysfunction. Cerebral white matter demyelination refers to a group of diseases that occur in the brain and are characterized by relatively mild neuronal cytosolic and axonal involvement with myelin loss as the main feature, including two major categories of hereditary and acquired hereditary cerebral white matter demyelination diseases. They are mainly cerebral white matter, dystrophy, acquired cerebral white matter demyelinating diseases, mainly including multiple sclerosis, concentric circles sclerosis, central pontine myelinolysis, diffuse sclerosis and radiation encephalopathy.