Short bowel syndrome is a series of problems such as malnutrition, water-electrolyte disorders, decreased immune function, and even organ failure, wasting, and growth arrest due to the lack of sufficient intestinal tissues to absorb sufficient nutrients to maintain physiological metabolic needs after massive small bowel resection or high small bowel fistula. At present, the first choice of treatment for patients with short bowel syndrome is nutritional support. The manifestation of short bowel syndrome is generally divided into 3 stages, the loss of compensatory phase, compensatory phase and late compensatory phase. The loss of compensatory phase refers to the early stage after a large number of small intestines have been removed, which is also called the first stage. . The acute phase of diarrhea may last 4 to 8 weeks or longer, and parents need to be patient. During hospitalization, the child’s health care provider will use medications and intravenous nutrition to reduce diarrhea and maintain water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance. The duration of the compensatory period is related to the length of the remaining intestine and the compensatory capacity of the body, ranging from a few months to 1 to 2 years. Children are growing vigorously and the compensatory period can be shorter than that of adults. When the child can start enteral nutrition (i.e. nutrition given from gastrointestinal tract), and slowly break away from the dependence on intravenous nutrition, doctors and parents should not be too hasty at this time, and should choose enteral nutrition preparations that can be easily absorbed, start with a small amount and increase slowly to stimulate the growth of intestinal mucosa. Small infants, especially premature infants and some children with very poor absorption, may need to be injected slowly through the gastric tube and nutrition tube. Since the absorption area of the intestinal tube is greatly reduced, children often do not absorb fat and complete proteins well and develop steatorrhea (the presence of unabsorbed fat globules in the stool routine). Diarrhea due to lactose intolerance also occurs from time to time. That is why it is important to choose an appropriate enteral nutrition preparation, such as a hydrolyzed protein preparation containing easily absorbed fat (MCT). And the duration of using enteral nutrition agents may be longer. After enteral nutrition can be well adapted, parents are advised to add daily oral nutrition to enteral nutrition under the guidance of doctors. First of all, we should eat meals with high protein, low fat and low sugar, such as fish, eggs, small amount of meals, depending on the age and condition, and pay attention to vitamin and trace element supplementation. The transition from enteral nutrition to daily diet should also be gradual, with enteral nutrition preparations gradually reduced and daily meals gradually increased until the complete consumption of ordinary meals, but not in a hurry. Some children’s digestive and absorption functions are not completely compensated, so they cannot completely stop using enteral nutrition preparations and maintain it for several months or even longer. Parents need to be prepared for this long process of intestinal replacement, and cannot change the variety and quantity of diet at the same time, such as changing formula and adding supplementary food at the same time, otherwise diarrhea and water loss will occur again, and treatment will have to start again. Young infants should be monitored weekly for weight, have regular physical examinations at the hospital, and consult with clinicians and nutritionists to receive proper dietary guidance.