Cranial defect is a common disorder in neurosurgery. In our life, we face various dangerous factors, such as traffic accidents, production safety accidents, falling objects, fights and brawls, as well as some cranial diseases we suffer from and have to perform some surgical operations, all these factors may cause cranial defects. First of all, the lack of hard skull protection, the brain will always be in danger, external attacks may directly injure the brain tissue, and even endanger life; secondly, the skull is incomplete, the intracranial environment changes rapidly, the intracranial pressure is unstable, then the intracranial cerebrospinal fluid circulation, blood circulation, nerve function will be affected, resulting in a series of symptoms, which is also known as In addition, if a part of the skull is missing, the scalp will be seriously collapsed or bulged, which will also have a great impact on the aesthetic appearance. Therefore, if cranial defects occur, cranial repair should be performed in a timely manner. Cranioplasty is a surgical procedure to repair cranial defects caused by various reasons. Its purpose is to reconstruct a complete closed cranial cavity, restore a stable intracranial environment, and provide protection for cerebrospinal fluid circulation, blood circulation, and intracranial nerve function. Therefore, cranial repair is of great significance to the recovery and health of the body. Some patients ask what to do if the cranial repair fails. Indeed, this is a real problem, because the level of different hospitals around the world varies, and the different materials used for cranial bone repair may cause the failure of the operation, such as post-operative infection and rejection, wear and tear of the scalp, resulting in scalp ulceration and material exposure, such as post-operative deformation of the material caused by external force, scalp collapse, and so on. Previously, a middle-aged female patient from Jiangxi, Ms. Peng, had a scalp breakdown after several years of titanium mesh cranial repair locally, resulting in the exposure of the titanium mesh material. So what should be done if this skull repair fails? The team removed the titanium mesh material and reperformed the peek cranioplasty to obtain a good recovery with good results. Our team widely carries out peek skull repair and plastic surgery, applying the new polyetheretherketone peek material with very good performance, and constantly carries out technical innovation and upgrade and material optimization design, and also introduces the concept of cosmetic plastic surgery, so that the surgery can achieve good results of anatomical integrity, perfect function and beautiful appearance, which is widely praised.