Monkeypox and smallpox are two different diseases with both similarities and differences. Monkeypox and smallpox are both members of the poxviridae family of orthopoxviruses, and both are characterized by a rash that develops after the onset of the disease. However, monkeypox causes a rash after the onset of fever, while smallpox causes a rash before the onset of fever. Monkeypox causes a rash mainly on the face and extremities, while smallpox causes a rash mainly on the trunk. Additionally smallpox is more severe than monkeypox and can lead to symptoms such as bacterial infections, while monkeypox is also significantly less contagious than smallpox. Monkeypox and smallpox are two different diseases, and it is recommended to receive prompt treatment under the guidance of a doctor when symptoms occur.