Azoospermia is a common male disease, with an incidence of 5%-20% in the population of infertile men, and in the general population at about 2%. There are many causes of azoospermia, which can lead to male infertility, but some azoospermia patients can be given the opportunity to have their own offspring through surgery or assisted reproduction techniques. Azoospermia is defined as the absence of sperm on three consecutive centrifugal microscopic examinations of semen and the exclusion of ejaculation and retrograde ejaculation before the diagnosis can be confirmed. Azoospermia is an extreme case of male infertility, and its incidence accounts for 8% to 10% of infertile men. It is clinically classified into two main categories: obstructive and non-obstructive azoospermia. Diagnosis: How is azoospermia diagnosed? In diagnosing azoospermia, the first step is to distinguish between obstruction and non-obstruction. This can be done through history questioning, physical examination, semen parameters, seminal plasma biochemistry, blood sex hormone testing, ultrasound, and chromosome testing to make a preliminary diagnosis. If the patient has a clear history of reproductive tract infection (previous scrotal swelling and fever), nodules are palpated in the scrotal segment of the vas deferens or caudal epididymis on physical examination, and decreased seminal plasma a-neutral glycosidase can be initially diagnosed as obstructive azoospermia. Treatment: Except for very few diseases (such as hypogonadotropic hypogonadism) that may produce sperm after drug treatment, most azoospermia patients are mostly ineffective with drug treatment. At present, sperm are often found in the testes through surgery. The current methods for finding sperm include testicular puncture of the epididymis, testicular biopsy, microscopic testicular dissection for sperm extraction, etc. (It is best to go to a fertility center that can perform IVF for this procedure, as it can determine not only the presence or absence of sperm, but also whether the sperm found can be used for IVF). For patients with spermatozoa in the testes, and for patients with azoospermia considered to be caused by obstruction, if there is a chance of surgery, a recanalization procedure can be tried, especially for patients with obstructive azoospermia caused by inflammation and trauma (including previous vasectomy), the success rate of recanalization is higher and there is a chance of self-fertility after recanalization, while for patients with spermatozoa in the testes and considered to have no chance of recanalization ( For patients with spermatozoa in the testes and no chance of recanalization (e.g. obstructive azoospermia due to bilateral vas deficiency), IVF can be performed directly to help them achieve the requirement of having their own children. For patients who do not find sperm through testicular puncture or biopsy, they can be assisted by donor sperm (unrelated to the male partner, but related to the wife) or adoption to achieve the goal of having their own children. There is still a 50% chance that the sperm can be found, and some of the sperm found can be used to produce offspring through IVF.