1.Clinical manifestations: tooth loss, eating less and finer; decreased gastrointestinal motility function; intestinal flora disorder. 2, drug effects: sleeping pills, certain antihypertensive drugs, etc. 3.Disease factors: diabetes, hypothyroidism, decreased estrogen levels, etc.; loneliness, reduced social interaction and exercise. 4, laxative dependence: marijuana pills, Huanglian Shangqing pills, various laxative teas, etc. 5, the deep-seated causes of constipation in the elderly: “intestinal power decline, intestinal ecological disorders”, commonly known as “elderly intestines. Alert to the “elderly intestine” younger: the current “elderly intestine” has a trend of rejuvenation: with pollution, work pressure and dietary factors caused by chronic constipation in people in their thirties, with weakness, discoloration, bad breath, loss of appetite and other subhealthy state; normal intestinal bacteria (1) beneficial bacteria: also known as symbiotic bacteria, such as bifidobacteria, lactobacilli, eubacterium, etc. (2) intermediate bacteria: such as enterococci, Escherichia coli, Bacillus mimicus, etc. These bacteria are both beneficial and harmful to the human body, both. (3) harmful bacteria: such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus, Clostridium difficile, etc. Mainly harmful effects. (4) intestinal flora dysbiosis: harmful or pathogenic effects are particularly obvious. The consequences of “elderly intestines”: hemorrhoids, anal fissures and other anal diseases aggravated and formed a vicious circle; force defecation to raise blood pressure, cerebrovascular rupture and bleeding, causing paralysis or death; force defecation induced myocardial infarction, and even sudden death, dementia, etc. 6, the wrong point of view: the safety of Chinese medicine rhubarb, senna, or irritating laxatives containing similar substances are not suitable for long-term use. They are only suitable for short-term, special use. The risks of long-term use are: (1) Risks of long-term use in elderly patients: disturbance of the internal environment and aggravation of the original disease. (2) the risk of long-term use of young and middle-aged people: colon blackening, possible cancer. 7. Pay attention to constipation, use laxatives carefully and avoid abuse. Experiments have confirmed that long-term use of stimulant laxatives causes a decrease in colonic nerve cells and a decrease in sensitivity of the mucosa. Decreased intestinal dynamics. Risks in the elderly: (1) Water and electrolyte imbalance: hypovolemia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia. (2) Hypernatremia: application of high concentrations of lactulose, etc. (3) Loss of magnesium acid-base imbalance: metabolic acidosis (chronic bicarbonate loss). (4) Medical risk of drugs: chronic cardiac insufficiency, renal insufficiency, hypertension (use of diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors), elderly.