When many people hear “plastic surgery”, they will think that it is for the purpose of becoming beautiful. Indeed, to become beautiful plastic surgery is indeed a purpose, but plastic surgery is also divided into physiological and pathological. Physiological plastic surgery, which is mainly through the means of surgical means to beautify the human appearance or shape, it to beauty for the purpose, generally does not involve functional problems. The other is pathological plastic surgery, which focuses on the reconstruction of body surface organs or tissues after they have been damaged by congenital or acquired tours, in order to achieve the purpose of repairing the appearance and reconstructing the function. Below is a list of some of the most common pathologic plastic surgery procedures. Ptosis Ptosis refers to the incomplete function or loss of the levator muscle and the müller smooth muscle, resulting in partial or total drooping of the upper eyelid, and the upper eyelid margin covers the upper cornea by more than 2mm when looking at it naturally, or even covers part of the pupil or all of the pupil. In congenital ptosis, amblyopia may therefore result. In order to overcome the visual impairment, people with bilateral ptosis have a special posture of tilting their heads and wrinkling their foreheads because they need to tilt their heads to see things around them. Deviated nasal septum A deviated nasal septum is a condition in which the nasal septum bends to one or both sides, or the septum protrudes partially on one or both sides, causing physiological dysfunction of the nasal cavity and sinuses, and generating symptoms (e.g., nasal congestion, nosebleed, and headache, etc.). The most common people are those with a history of nasal trauma, adenoid hypertrophy in childhood, family history, nasal polyps, and tumors. It is usually diagnosed by rhinoscopy. Surgical correction is the only treatment for deviated septum. Congenital small eyelid malformation Small eyelid malformation is a congenital genetic disease, manifested as a congenital eyelid abnormality in which the length and width of eyelid fissure are narrower than normal. Such babies look like they have extremely small eyelids, with very short distance between the inner and outer canthus, and have typical quadruple signs of drooping of both eyes, narrow eyelid fissure, inverted medial canthus, and widening of medial canthus distance, which is partly accompanied with low nasal dorsum, and can be combined with blepharoplasmic dysplasia, and are often combined with extra-ocular Abnormalities can be seen in microphthalmos or cryptophthalmos. This may be combined with extraocular anomalies, such as microphthalmos or cryptophthalmos. It has a serious impact on the child’s appearance, visual development and mental health. Some babies have very severe microphthalmos, which can affect their normal life. Cleft lip and palate is the most common congenital malformation in the oral and maxillofacial region, with an average of 1 in 700 babies born with cleft lip and palate. Cleft lip and palate not only seriously affects facial aesthetics, but also has a direct impact on development due to the connection between the mouth and nasal cavity, often leading to upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media. It also causes upper respiratory tract infections and otitis media. Children who have difficulty in sucking milk are obviously malnourished, which is psychologically traumatizing for both the child and the parents. Reverse jaw deformity Reverse jaw deformity, commonly known as “periosteum” and “pocket teeth”, is a common developmental malformation of the teeth and jaws, which not only affects the facial contour, but also affects eating and speech. With the development of craniomaxillofacial surgical technology and the continuous improvement of surgical instruments, surgical orthodontics for orthognathic malocclusion caused by bone development can be treated through surgical methods, and good surgical results can be received. Skin grafting Autologous skin grafting is a common method of treating skin defects caused by trauma, burns and other factors. Skin grafting includes free skin grafting where skin tissue is transplanted alone and grafting of skin flaps or skin tubes where skin and subcutaneous tissue are transplanted at the same time. The viability of the transplanted skin depends mainly on the establishment of effective blood circulation between the transplanted skin and the recipient tissue. Factors affecting the viability of the graft or flap include wound infection, movement of the skin sheet, twisting and compression of the tip of the skin tube or flap, or excess fat in the skin tube, etc. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy contributes to the success of skin grafting. Pathologic cosmetic surgery includes small (nonfunctional) paralytic scars on the face and neck, pigmented nevi, hemangiomas, sheniform nevi, and eyelid paralytic redness. In addition, some of the smaller plastic surgery, can also be classified as pathological cosmetic surgery, such as eyebrow defects, eyebrow displacement, nasal tip or wing defects, cleft lip (commonly known as hare lip) secondary deformity after surgery, part of the auricle defects, breast defects and so on. Plastic surgery seems simple, but it is very difficult, is not a little into the carving of the small skills, but plastic surgery in the high-level surgery, the Department of icing on the cake, can only be successful, can not fail. Once the failure, it will be clumsy, counterproductive, beauty not anti-disfigurement, so that the beauty seeker regret for life, and even cause tragedy.