The very cold winters, dry air and temperature changes in most parts of China, combined with heating, make it a high season for exacerbations of chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. For patients with chronic hypoxia, appropriate home oxygen therapy is essential to improve the condition and enhance the quality of life of patients. Methods of home oxygen therapy: 1. The methods commonly used for oxygen inhalation are nasal plugs, nasal catheter oxygen inhalation, mask oxygen inhalation, transtracheal tube oxygen administration, oxygen storage catheter oxygen therapy and on-demand pulse valve oxygen therapy. Among them, suitable for home oxygen therapy is nasal plugs, nasal catheter and mask oxygen inhalation method. 2, nasal plugs oxygen absorption method has a single plug and double plug two. The single plug method requires the use of a nasal plug about the same size as one side of the nostrils, which is inserted into one side of the nose, keeping it stable and not falling off (the other side of the nostrils are open). This method of oxygen inhalation only into the oxygen, oxygen concentration is relatively stable. Double plug method is two smaller nasal plugs into both nostrils at the same time, there will still be a gap around the nasal plug, so when inhaling can breathe air at the same time, so the patient will feel more comfortable, but the oxygen concentration is not stable enough. 3.Nasal catheter oxygen inhalation method is to insert a catheter through the nostril into the deep nasal cavity, the oxygen concentration is constant when inhaling, but the nose will feel discomfort after a long time, and the catheter is easily blocked by secretions. 4, nasal plugs, nasal catheter oxygenation method is generally only suitable for low-flow oxygen supply, if the flow rate is relatively large, it will be unbearable due to the flow rate and impact force, and at the same time, it is easy to lead to dry airway mucosa. The nasal plug method can avoid the stimulation of the nasal mucosa by the nasal catheter, and the patient will feel more comfortable. 5.Mask oxygenation method has open and closed mask. Open type is to put the mask at 1~3 cm from the nose and mouth, suitable for children, no discomfort. The closed type is to wrap the mask around the mouth and nose and fix it with an elastic band, which is more suitable for people with severe hypoxia. The oxygen concentration of this method can reach 40% to 50%, feeling more comfortable and no mucous membrane irritation, but the consumption of oxygen is more, also affects eating, drinking and spitting. 6.Transtracheal tube, oxygen storage catheter and on-demand pulse valve oxygen therapy are relatively less used in home oxygen therapy. Notes on home oxygen therapy: 1. For patients with hypoxemia who need long-term oxygen therapy, as well as patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pulmonary heart disease, the oxygen flow rate is generally set at 1~2 liters/minute for more than 15 hours per day, and oxygen is used for as long as possible, i.e. low concentration continuous oxygen. Oxygen inhalation is not a manifestation of extreme severity of the disease, and prolonged oxygen inhalation will not cause poisoning or affect the therapeutic effect at acute onset. A large number of studies have proved that the longer the daily oxygen intake time is, the better the effect on relieving the complications caused by oxygen deprivation caused by the disease, as long as the oxygen intake concentration is adapted. 2. It is better to use oxygen continuously when sleeping to prevent the aggravation of hypoxia; the oxygen flow is generally set at 3 liters/minute (oxygen concentration is 35%) or less, do not blindly increase the oxygen flow and develop oxygen toxicity. However, if the patient’s shortness of breath increases significantly after the activity and the partial pressure of oxygen decreases, high concentration oxygen can be given for a short time, and then the oxygen flow rate can be reduced after the symptoms are relieved. The time of high concentration oxygen inhalation must not be too long. When the oxygen inhalation concentration is > 60% for more than 24 hours, oxygen toxicity may occur. 3.Inhaled oxygen must first go through the humidification bottle to ensure the temperature of 37℃ and 95%~100% humidity in the airway, so that the tracheal clearance can be kept normal. 4, the use of nasal catheter oxygen should avoid breathing through the mouth, so as not to affect the oxygen inhalation concentration, dry mouth and tongue. Before oxygen inhalation, the flow rate should be adjusted and inserted into the nasal cannula, and when oxygen is stopped, the nasal cannula should be pulled out first and then the switch of the flow meter should be closed to avoid that once the switch is inverted, a large amount of gas will rush into the respiratory tract and damage the lung tissue. 5.Single nasal plugs should be changed once a day, nasal cannula and wetting bottle should be cleaned daily and changed twice a week. The nasal cannula is usually washed with detergent first, then rinsed with clean water and dried. The cold boiled water inside the wetting bottle should be changed daily. The replaced wetting bottle and nasal catheter should be soaked in chlorinated disinfectant solution (anti-wash) for 30 minutes, dried and then used. 6.Record the time of oxygen use, flow rate and the change of condition after oxygen therapy every day to provide a basis for the doctor’s review. If the phenomenon of purple fingers and lips is reduced after oxygen inhalation, and the breathing is slowed down and stabilized, it means that the oxygen therapy is effective; on the contrary, if there is unclear consciousness and respiratory difficulty is aggravated, you should go to hospital for treatment in time. When using home oxygen therapy should also pay attention to the safety of oxygen, avoid contact with high temperature, open fire. 7, in addition to home oxygen therapy, prevention of colds, pay attention to diet, strengthen exercise, for patients with chronic respiratory diseases have significant help.