The nose is the gateway to the respiratory tract and has a heating, humidifying and cleaning function for the inhaled air. With the change of seasons, large changes in temperature, humidity and air pressure, coupled with air pollution and population density, people with weak resistance are prone to colds, which in turn can easily trigger or aggravate rhinitis. Rhinitis manifests itself as sneezing, runny nose, nasal congestion, and headache, and many patients often mistake rhinitis as a cold to treat. The lack of treatment for the cause leads to delayed healing of acute rhinitis, chronic rhinitis, and allergic rhinitis, and can cause sinusitis, pharyngitis, and bronchitis, adding to the pain. Some patients may suffer from headaches and mental lucidity caused by rhinitis, resulting in inefficient work and study. When rhinitis affects the physiological function of the nasal cavity, patients may experience breathing disorders, triggering a decrease in blood oxygen concentration and affecting the function and metabolism of other tissues and organs.
Rhinitis Rhinitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity, manifested by nasal congestion or edema. Patients often suffer from nasal congestion, headache, runny nose, nasal itching, throat discomfort and cough. The main common clinical rhinitis are acute rhinitis, chronic rhinitis, and allergic rhinitis. Acute rhinitis, which is caused by viral or bacterial infection, initially results in clear nasal discharge due to vasodilatation of the nasal mucosa and increased glandular secretion. Chronic rhinitis is mostly caused by incomplete treatment of acute rhinitis. It is characterized by swelling of the mucous membrane, increased secretion, white or yellow purulent nasal discharge, which lasts for a long time and is often accompanied by nasal congestion and headache, and the symptoms are aggravated by a cold. Allergic rhinitis is a kind of allergic disease caused by the body’s allergy to certain substances such as pollen and dust mites. The disease has an acute onset, and patients have symptoms such as frequent sneezing, a large amount of clear nasal discharge and nasal itching that last for a short period of time.
To prevent rhinitis, we must focus on the treatment of acute rhinitis. Acute rhinitis, if not treated promptly or thoroughly, often turns into chronic rhinitis. Acute rhinitis is caused by respiratory viral infection, prevention should focus on the following points: often participate in physical exercise, increase resistance, pay attention to warmth, to prevent colds. The room is often ventilated to maintain a certain humidity. Eat and drink regularly, avoid smoking, alcohol, spicy foods, and eat more fruits and vegetables. Maintain an optimistic and cheerful mood, avoid mental stimulation and excessive fatigue. Avoid frequent entry and exit from environments with wide temperature differences. Avoid contact with allergy-prone or irritating substances.
For the treatment of acute rhinitis caused by cold, in addition to taking cold medication in the early stage of the disease, mucus drainage agents should be added; for patients with complications due to bacterial infection, antibiotics should be added and local “vasoconstrictor” nose drops should be used to reduce mucosal swelling and improve nasal ventilation and drainage. For the treatment of chronic rhinitis, nasal drops of “mucosal constrictor”, saline rinse of the nasal cavity and oral Chinese medicine such as “rhinitis tablets” are usually used; in severe cases, surgery is required. For the treatment of allergic rhinitis, oral antihistamines and topical nasal steroids can be used, and allergen skin tests can be performed to clarify the allergen and desensitize the patient. Patients with rhinitis should use nasal drops correctly under the guidance of a doctor, and should not abuse them in large quantities for a long time to avoid causing drug rhinitis or aggravating the degree of the original rhinitis lesion.
Nasal congestion, runny nose, headache, dizziness …… When these phenomena occur, you should immediately go to the ENT department for examination, clear diagnosis and early treatment.