Kidney disease is a term with a complex connotation. It may be a generic term for various kidney diseases such as IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, diabetic nephropathy, nephrotic syndrome, pyelonephritis, etc. made by Western medicine according to the structural or functional abnormalities of the kidneys of the patients. It may also be the abbreviation of clinical evidence related to kidney such as kidney yin deficiency, kidney yang deficiency, kidney deficiency back pain, kidney deficiency tinnitus, kidney deficiency vertigo, etc. made by TCM doctors according to the clinical symptoms, signs, tongue and pulse of patients based on TCM theory. Therefore, when you hear a patient say “kidney disease” or “kidney disease” in clinical practice, you must make sure that it belongs to one of the above two conditions. Although Chinese medicine is characterized by evidence-based treatment, the modernization of Chinese medicine research has been promoted by the development of the combination of Chinese and Western medicine for decades. Therefore, many modern proprietary Chinese medicines can not only treat the “evidence” of TCM, but also have clear efficacy for kidney-related diseases diagnosed by Western medicine. At present, commercially available proprietary Chinese medicines can be used for the treatment of kidney diseases, mainly divided into the following categories.
1. Drugs used for the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD)
In the process of clinical research, such drugs have been used for a certain chronic kidney disease for regular clinical observation and achieved certain efficacy. Therefore, in the State Food and Drug Administration approved the efficacy of the main treatment has a clear name for the type of disease (such as chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic renal failure, etc.). It is important to note that each proprietary Chinese medicine should only have the best efficacy on its labeled TCM evidence, so be sure to pay attention to the TCM evidence and clinical manifestations marked in the drug instructions before using it. The “wide range of applications” that are not guided by TCM theory are beyond the scope of the medication, and the efficacy can hardly be guaranteed.
The actual nephritis rehabilitation tablets: composition: white flower snake tongue grass, white foxglove root, Dan Shen, Di Huang, Du Zhong, black bean, orris, ginseng, yam, Tu Fu Ling, western ginseng, motherwort, Ze Di. Mainly used for the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis. It has the effect of benefiting qi and nourishing yin, tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen, and removing residual toxicity. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as fatigue, lumbago, swelling of the face and legs, dizziness and tinnitus, proteinuria and hematuria. Take orally, 5 tablets once, 3 times a day, or as directed by the physician for children. Avoid stimulating foods such as spicy, fatty and sweet during the medication period, and forbid intercourse.
Nephrolithiasis Four Flavors Tablets: Composition: Hu Zhi Zi, Scutellaria Baicalensis, Beijing Shi Wei, Huang Qi. Mainly for chronic nephritis. It has the effect of activating blood circulation, removing blood stasis, clearing heat and detoxification, tonifying kidney and benefiting Qi. It has a more obvious improvement effect on swelling, hypertension, proteinuria and chronic renal insufficiency. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as soreness of the waist and knees, loss of appetite, red and hot urine, dark red tongue and yellow greasy coating. Take 8 tablets orally 3 times a day for 3 months with meals; reduce for children. Avoid taking hormones, cyclophosphamide, nitrogen mustard and other drugs during administration.
Nephrolithiasis capsule: composition: dry lotus grass, chasteberry, groundnut, yam, angelica, Chuanxiong, red peony, dog’s back, poria, poria, carthamus, cyperus, thistle, small thistle, gardenia, horsetail, ground elm. Mainly used for the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis. It has the effect of clearing heat and cooling blood, nourishing Yin and nourishing kidney. Indicated for patients with clinical manifestations such as soreness and pain in the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, irritable heat in the five hearts, hot flashes and red cheekbones, red tongue with little coating and hematuria. Take orally 3 times a day, 6-7 capsules once. Pregnant women should take it with caution.
Huang Quai Capsule: Mainly used for the treatment of chronic nephritis. It has the effect of clearing dampness and heat, detoxifying and eliminating swelling. It has the effect of reducing the urine protein content and serum creatinine content in animals with glomerulonephritis. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as lumbago, swelling, proteinuria, hematuria and yellow tongue coating. Take orally, 5 capsules once, 3 times a day; 8 weeks as a course of treatment. This product should be taken after meals. Pregnant women should not take it.
Urotoxic clear granules: composition: rhubarb, astragalus, licorice, poria, atractylodes, heshouwu, Chuanxiong, chrysanthemum, salvia, ginger, etc. Mainly for the treatment of chronic renal failure azotemia stage and early uremia, with the effect of clearing the internal organs and lowering turbidity, strengthening the spleen and relieving dampness, activating blood circulation and resolving blood stasis. It can reduce creatinine and urea nitrogen, stabilize renal function and delay dialysis. It is also useful for improving renal anemia, raising blood calcium and lowering blood phosphorus. Take 4 times a day with warm water, 1 sachet at 6, 12 and 18 o’clock, 2 sachets at 22 o’clock, the maximum daily dose is 8 sachets; you can also set another dosing time, but the interval between doses should not exceed 8 hours. This product can be used with antibiotics, chemical drugs antihypertensive, diuretic, antacid, uric acid-lowering drugs that do not harm the kidney function; avoid combining with oxidized starch and other chemical adsorbents.
Jin Shui Bao capsule: Mainly used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis, chronic renal insufficiency, etc. It has the effect of tonifying the lung and kidney, secreting essence and benefiting qi. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as chronic cough and deficient asthma, fatigue, insomnia and forgetfulness, lumbar and knee weakness, menstrual disorders, impotence and premature ejaculation. Take orally, 3 capsules once, 3 times a day. For those with renal insufficiency, take 3-6 capsules orally three times a day.
Bailing Capsule: Mainly used for the treatment of chronic bronchitis and chronic nephritis. It has the efficacy of tonifying the lung and kidney and benefiting the essence and energy. It is suitable for cough, asthma, hemoptysis and back pain caused by deficiency of both lung and kidney. Take orally, each capsule contains 0.2g, 5 to 15 capsules once, 3 times a day; each capsule contains 0.5g , 2 to 6 capsules, 3 times a day.
Jin Shui Bao capsule and Bai Ling capsule are similar drugs, often used clinically in the adjuvant treatment of chronic kidney disease, its precautions are.
(1) avoid spicy, cold, greasy, indigestible food.
(2) Not suitable for patients with cold and fever.
(3) This product should be taken before meals.
(4) It is prohibited for those who are allergic to this product, and should be used with caution for those who are allergic.
Nephrolithiasis Rehabilitation Tablets, Nephrolithiasis Four Flavors Tablets, Nephrolithiasis Spirit Capsules and Huangkui Capsules are all drugs for the treatment of chronic nephritis, among which Nephrolithiasis Rehabilitation Tablets can benefit Qi and nourish Yin, strengthen the spleen and tonify the kidneys, and are suitable for those who suffer from fatigue, soreness in the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus. It is better for those who have soreness in the waist and knees, dizziness, tinnitus, irritability of the five hearts, hot flushes, red tongue with little coating and hematuria; Huang Quai capsule is mainly suitable for those who have edema, unfavorable urination, red tongue with yellow coating and damp-heat evidence.
2.Drugs used to treat urinary tract infections
Modern pharmacological research shows that most of these drugs have antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, diuretic and antipyretic effects. During the clinical application, attention should be paid to monitoring the changes of patients’ blood routine, urinary routine and related infectious indexes and clinical symptoms, and adjusting the treatment plan and medication when necessary.
Sanjin Tablet: Composition, gold cherry root, sarsaparilla, sheep’s mouth, golden sand vine, Centella asiatica. Mainly used for the treatment of acute and chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis and urinary tract infection. It has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, relieving dampness and laxative, and benefiting the kidney. It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-swelling, clearing heat, diuretic, analgesic, anti-oxidant free radical, and improving the immunity of the body. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as lumbago, hot and painful urination, irregular draining and red tongue with yellowish coating. Take orally, 3 tablets each time, 3 to 4 times a day.
Urinary sensitization granules: Composition: HAIJINSHA VINE, LIENQIAN COTTON, FENGJIANG COTTON, ZHAOJIANG DIANDING, GRASS. Mainly used for acute and chronic urinary tract infections. Has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, laxative and diuretic. It has anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antispasmodic and immune enhancing effects. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as frequent urination, urgent urination, astringent pain in the urethra and incomplete draining of urine. Take with boiling water, 12g (1 bag) once, 3-4 times a day.
Urogynous Clear Capsules: Composition: Four Seasons Red, Phellodendron, Edelweiss, Cynthia, White Fescue, Plantain, etc. It is used for the treatment of acute and chronic pyelonephritis, cystitis and urinary tract infection. It has the effect of clearing heat and detoxification, dampness and laxative. It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as cloudy urine, frequency and urgency, stinging pain in the urethra and constriction in the small abdomen. Take orally, 3 capsules once, 3 times a day or as prescribed by the doctor.
Compound Shiwei Tablets: Composition: Shiwei, bitter ginseng, astragalus. Mainly used for the treatment of acute and chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, cystitis, urethritis, etc. It has the effect of clearing heat and drying dampness, diuretic and laxative. It has antibacterial, anti-infective, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, diuretic, and increases the immune function of the body. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations of urinary inconvenience, frequent urination, urgent urination, painful urination and swelling of lower limbs. Take orally, 5 tablets once, 3 times a day, 15 days as a course of treatment.
Common precautions for the above drugs are.
(1) Avoid smoking, alcohol and spicy food.
(2) Not to take tonic Chinese medicine at the same time.
(3) If the symptoms are not relieved after 3 days of taking the drug, you should go to the hospital for consultation.
(4) It is prohibited for those who are allergic to this product and should be used with caution for those with allergies.
3.Drugs used for the treatment of kidney deficiency in Chinese medicine
The scope of kidney deficiency in TCM is very wide, mainly including abnormalities in the function of the kidney (such as reproduction, development, water and fluid metabolism, etc.) and its associated systems (such as bone, ear, second yin and other organs). The common types of evidence include kidney yin deficiency and kidney yang deficiency. Since there are more clinical manifestations of kidney deficiency, and because TCM believes that kidney is the essence of the human body and is closely related to the health of a person’s life, and that “there is no real evidence of kidney”, there are many Chinese medicines for the treatment of kidney deficiency in TCM.
Liu Wei Di Huang Wan: Composition: Shu Di Huang, Cornus officinalis, Shan Yao, Mudan Pi, Fu Ling, Ze Xie. It has the effect of nourishing Yin and tonifying the kidney. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as soreness of the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, bone steam and hot flashes, red tongue with little coating. To be taken orally. Water honey pill 6g (30 capsules) once, 2 times a day.
Jin Kui Kidney Qi Pill: Composition: Di Huang, Fu Ling, Shan Yao, Cornu Cervi Pantotrichum, Mudan Pi, Ze Di, Gui Zhi, Niu Knee, Che Qian Zi, Radix Aconiti. It has the effect of warming kidney yang, transforming qi and moving water. It has anti-aging, enhancing immunity, improving lipid metabolism and glucose metabolism, enhancing neurohumoral mediation, and improving pituitary-adrenal cortex function. It is indicated for patients with clinical manifestations such as soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, unfavorable urination, cold fear and cold extremities, edema, pale or light fat tongue with thin white coating. Orally, water honey pill 4-5g (20-25 capsules) at a time, large honey pill 1 pill at a time, 2 times a day.
Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan: Composition: Shu Di Huang, Cornus officinalis, Shan Yao, Mudan Pi, Poria, Ze Xie, Zhi Mu, Huang Bai. It has the effect of nourishing Yin and clearing heat. It has the effect of lowering blood sugar and changing sperm antibodies and/or zona pellucida antibodies from positive to negative in infertility patients. It is effective in immune infertility caused by positive anti-sperm antibodies. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, dryness of the mouth and throat, irritability of the five hearts, night sweating, insomnia and dreaminess. Take orally, 1 pill once, 2 times a day.
Wu Zi Yan Zong Wan: Composition: Fructus Lycii, Semen Cuscutae, Raspberry, Fructus Schisandrae, Psyllium. It has the effect of tonifying the kidney and benefiting the essence. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as impotence and infertility, seminal emission and premature ejaculation, lumbar pain and residual draining after urination. Take orally, 6g of water honey pill once, 9g of small honey pill once, 1 pill of large honey pill once, 2 times a day. It is advisable to abstain from sexual intercourse during treatment.
Kidney Strengthening Tablet: Composition: Deer antler, Ginseng stem and leaf total saponin, Cornus officinalis, Fructus Lycii, Fructus Psoralea, Radix Rehmanniae, Mulberry, Eucommia, Mudanpi, Salvia, Motherwort, Poria, etc. It has the effect of tonifying the kidney and filling the essence, benefiting the qi and strengthening the yang, and supporting the essence. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as lumbago, seminal emission, impotence and premature ejaculation. Take orally, 4-6 tablets once (specification 0.30g per vegetative tablet, 0.31g per tablet); 2-3 tablets once (specification 0.63g per tablet) 3 times a day, served with light salt water or warm boiled water.
Kidney Pill: Composition: Dog’s Back, Niu Dali, Jin Zhen Zi, Black Tiger Root, Chicken Blood Vine, Mulberry, Qian Jin Pao, Cuscuta, Female Zhen Zi. It has the effect of strengthening the waist and kidney, nourishing blood and dispelling wind and dampness. Indicated for patients with clinical manifestations such as lumbago, weakness of the knees, frequent urination, insomnia, and rheumatic bone pain. Take orally, 3.6 grams once, 2-3 times a day. This product should be taken before meals.
Golden Chicken and Tiger Tonic Pill: Composition: Dog’s Backbone, Niu Dali, Golden Cherry, Black Tiger Root, Chicken’s Blood Vine, Mulberry, Qian Jin Pao, Bone Broken Tonic, Jujube. It has the efficacy of nourishing qi and blood, relaxing tendons and activating collaterals, strengthening kidney and fixing essence. It is suitable for patients with clinical manifestations such as soreness of the waist and knees, frequent nocturnal urination and numbness of the extremities. Take orally, 8 capsules (1.5) to 15 capsules (3g) once, 2 times a day. It is advisable to take it after meals; it is prohibited for pregnant women and diabetic patients.
Common precautions for such drugs are.
(1) Avoid spicy, cold, greasy and indigestible food.
(2) Should not be taken by patients with cold and fever.
(3) Should be taken under the guidance of a physician.
(4) Forbidden for those who are allergic to the drugs used, and used with caution for those with allergies.
Although the above-mentioned seven drugs are also Chinese medicine for the kidney, their composition and efficacy are different, so it is important to pay attention to their differences in clinical application. For example, Liu Wei Di Huang Wan is suitable for patients with kidney yin deficiency, which is characterized by soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, dryness of the oropharynx, irritability of the five hearts, night sweating, insomnia and dreaminess, seminal emission and premature ejaculation, and menstrual discomfort; Zhi Bai Di Huang Wan is made by adding Zhi Mu and Huang Bai to Liu Wei Di Huang Wan, and is suitable for patients with yin deficiency and fire, which is characterized by flushing of the cheekbones, short yellow urine, dry stools, coughing up blood, epistaxis, or coughing up blood. It is suitable for patients with kidney yang deficiency and edema, including soreness and weakness of the waist and knees, dizziness and tinnitus, fatigue, coldness, cold limbs, diarrhea, swelling below the waist, impotence in men, and infertility in women with uterine cold. Both Wu Zi Yan Zong Pill and Strong Kidney Tablet can tonify the kidney and benefit the essence, and are good for treating back pain, spermatorrhea, impotence and premature ejaculation, etc. The latter can tonify qi and strengthen yang, and is more effective for impotence and premature ejaculation with fatigue, frequent night urination and cold extremities. The former is stronger in tonifying the kidneys; the latter is more effective in dispelling wind and dampness and strengthening the muscles and bones.