What is the best medicine for diabetics?

  I am often asked by patients: What is the best medicine? My friend takes xx medication well, can I use it? Is there anything better than my current regimen? I can understand the patient’s feelings, but there is only the most suitable treatment plan, not the best, especially for diabetes. Therefore, these questions cannot be answered until we have full information from the patient.  Type 2 diabetes has a very heterogeneous disease. What is heterogeneity? It is the fact that both are diabetic and both present with elevated blood glucose, but the differences between patients and patients are enormous. These differences are mainly in the pathogenesis: whether insulin resistance or insulin deficiency is the main cause. Simply put, when a doctor sees a diabetic patient he or she will ask questions such as fat or thin at the onset of the disease, the level of blood glucose at the onset, the presence or absence of ketone bodies in the urine, response to medication, weight change after treatment, family history of diabetes, personal diet and exercise habits, and the presence or absence of hypertension and hyperlipidemia all to help determine which type is predominant. Second, the goal of glucose-lowering treatment should also be individualized. A 40-year-old diabetic patient without any complications has a completely different goal of glucose-lowering than an 80-year-old diabetic patient with coronary artery disease. Third, different glucose-lowering drugs have different cautionary or prohibited groups, for example, some drugs cannot be used in patients with abdominal surgery or hernia, and some drugs cannot be used in patients with asthma or heart failure. Fourth, doctors also need to consider the long-term benefits along with the short-term benefits. Short-term benefit is to bring down blood glucose, but it is not a good drug to bring down blood glucose even lower, but also to consider the long-term cardiovascular and islet function protection.  Therefore, going back to the opening question, there is no one glucose-lowering drug that is absolutely good and can solve all patients’ blood glucose problems. On the contrary, it is necessary for the endocrinologist to obtain comprehensive information about the patient, weigh the pros and cons, and take a long-term view in order to choose the “right” glucose-lowering drug for the patient. A smart patient will not blindly choose a “good drug” recommended by others, but should seek a professional doctor’s comprehensive evaluation to come up with the real “right drug”. We hope that diabetic patients can find the right solution for themselves with fewer detours.