1. General precautions for daily life For patients with low intelligence and mental abnormalities, they should not be ridiculed, teased or even scolded. Patients’ reasonable requests should be met, and unreasonable ones should be explained patiently, but they should never be accommodated, perfunctory or deceitful without principle, let alone conflict. Patients who cannot take care of themselves should be bathed and have their hair cut regularly, and their clothes should be increased or decreased in time when the climate changes.
For those patients who are depressed and suspicious, they should be encouraged and led to carry out cultural and sports activities or participate in simple physical labor, which can help stabilize their emotions. In addition, a reasonable work and rest schedule should be arranged, sleep should be sufficient, and not lying in bed all day. Those who have a habit of smoking and drinking should try to quit.
2, out seizures often occur suddenly, so patients should not drive cars, bicycles should strictly comply with traffic rules. When walking should try to take the crosswalk. Parents educate and manage children to play away from the water, roads and railroads. The children should have a more normal lifestyle.
3, diet anti-epileptic drugs can cause a lack of vitamin K, folic acid, vitamin D and calcium, magnesium and other substances. Vitamin K is related to blood clotting and can cause bleeding when lacking.
Therefore, sufficient vitamin D, calcium and magnesium should be supplied during childhood. Fish, eggs, animal liver, soy products, and milk are rich in calcium and vitamin D. Folic acid deficiency is also associated with increased seizures. animal kidneys, beef, and green vegetables contain folic acid, but cooking time should not be too long to avoid excessive destruction. Vitamin B6 is associated with the production of γ-aminobutyric acid. Rice, wheat bran, beef liver and fish contain a large amount of vitamin B6. It is important to constantly summarize in life and arrange the diet reasonably according to the characteristics of the patient.
After taking a lot of sweets at one time, a large amount of sugar enters the bloodstream, which will stimulate the pancreas to secrete too much insulin (a hormone that lowers blood glucose concentration), thus causing blood glucose to drop quickly, and low blood glucose leads to a lack of energy for the brain and promotes seizures. Likewise, starvation can make seizures easier.
The proper consumption of tea, coffee, cola and other beverages is not dangerous to trigger seizures, but drinking large amounts or drinking too strong tea or coffee can also trigger seizures. The reason is that these beverages contain more or less central excitatory substances that reduce the ability to resist seizures and induce them.
4, quit smoking and alcohol cigarettes nicotine and some carcinogenic substances on the body damage is certain, whether it can induce epilepsy there is no clear evidence, there are doctors found that some patients have seizures and smoking has a significant relationship. Nicotine has a significant effect on the diastole of cerebral blood vessels, and it would seem that epileptics should not smoke.
There is a clear relationship between alcohol and seizures, and chronic heavy alcohol consumption can directly produce alcoholic epilepsy. Many patients have experienced seizures triggered by alcohol consumption. A person who is sensitive to alcohol may overdose on one glass of beer, and there is no benefit to epilepsy patients drinking alcohol.
5, employment epilepsy patients should not choose jobs such as aircraft, motor vehicle driving, work at height, near water work, around heavy machinery work, electrician, firefighting work, direct contact with strong acids, strong alkalis, highly toxic substances and other dangerous work. In particular, it is not advisable to choose occupations that may endanger the health of others when seizures occur, such as surgeons, firefighters, police officers and ambulance personnel of sea and road agencies. All kinds of military service, are strictly prohibited for people with epilepsy to join the army.
6, childbirth The following points are for reference.
① From the eugenic point of view, patients with primary epilepsy should consider prohibiting childbirth.
(2) Close relatives who are both patients with primary epilepsy should also be considered forbidden to have children.
③A family history of epilepsy on both sides should be considered to prohibit childbirth.
④Prohibition of childbirth should be considered when one party is epileptic and the other party has only EEG abnormalities.
(5) If one partner has a family history of epilepsy and has already had a child with epilepsy, the second child should not be born.
(6) Women with epilepsy who have a clear family history of epilepsy should be considered forbidden to have children if they are married.
(7) Patients with generalized seizures with extensive EEG abnormalities and siblings with similarly manifested EEGs should be considered prohibited from having children.
(8) Patients with epilepsy without family history and family EEG abnormalities may have children 1 year after the epilepsy has been cured (including the return to normal EEG) during the reproductive age.
The life expectancy of most patients with epilepsy does not differ significantly from that of the general population, and deaths in patients with epilepsy are due to.
① directly related to seizures, such as persistent status epilepticus or seizures causing accidents ;
② other diseases not related to seizures, drug side effects, vital organ diseases, etc.