I am very happy to see a breakthrough in the field I have been studying since 2006! Recent breakthroughs in the field of tumor immunotherapy have been continuously published in Nature, including a new therapy for advanced bladder cancer, namely B7-H1 blocking antibody immunotherapy, which has shown remarkable efficacy and is now causing a big stir worldwide. In the last 30 years, there have been no major advances in the field of treatment of metastatic bladder cancer. Chemotherapy remains the standard of care. Patient clinical outcome remains poor, with particularly poor outcomes in patients with poor chemotherapy or poor tolerance to chemotherapy. The high rate of somatic mutations in bladder cancer has emerged as a breakthrough point for a change in the landscape. By increasing the number of antigens, these genetic alterations enhance the ability of the host immune system to recognize tumor cells as foreign agents. Nevertheless, these cancer cells can still evade host immune surveillance and immune clearance by expressing apoptotic ligand 1 (PD-L1, also known as CD274 or B7-H1) in the tumor microenvironment. In contrast, MPDL3280A is a humanized, high-affinity engineered anti-PD-L1 monoclonal IgG1 antibody that inhibits the interaction between PD-L1 and PD-1 and B7.1. With the above background information in mind, Powles et al. used systemic immunotherapy to validate the efficacy of the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPDL3280A in the treatment of metastatic bladder cancer. The investigators found that MPDL3280A had significant antitumor activity in metastatic bladder cancer with a rapid onset of action, with efficacy seen in most cases at the time of the first evaluation of efficacy (6 weeks) and remission persisting at the time of data cutoff. The drug has been approved for marketing by the US FDA and is being prepared for premarketing clinical trials in China, for which we have applied as one of the clinical trial sites.