Do foci of testicular calcification affect fertility?

Calcified foci in the testes may affect the fertility of patients, especially bilateral multiple calcified foci, which can generally be considered as microlithiasis of the testes. This condition is often due to degeneration and necrosis of the epithelium of the varicose seminal vasculature, so the calcification is formed gradually. Patients are advised to go to the hospital for examination, such as routine semen examination or testicular puncture biopsy, but routine semen examination is generally preferred to clarify sperm count, sperm vitality, etc. and to determine whether there is abnormal semen quality. For patients with abnormal semen quality, further sex hormones and their puncture biopsies are required to achieve the final determination of whether fertility is affected. If semen quality abnormalities are diagnosed, symptomatic treatment is needed according to the cause of the abnormality, such as anti-infection treatment for patients with infection. For example, for patients with hormonal abnormalities, anti-infection treatment is required. For patients with hormonal abnormalities, hormone assisted treatment is required.