LGBT is a word that many people are hearing for the first time, and it’s true that this word came late, I heard it for the first time only a few years ago. He said that if you don’t know LGBT in the United States, you should not be a politician because it is a highly political issue in the United States. 47% of Americans are in favor of same-sex marriage, 43% of Americans are against same-sex marriage, so of course he chose the 47% at this time. But many Chinese people are unheard of, simply do not know it, they are also particularly chaotic to the Transgender that T hit the head, and Lesbians in the head, that is, lesbians in the head of the Tomboy, T and P was mixed together, that got completely entangled. This thing I briefly science, homosexuality and transgender people’s difference in which? It is that homosexuals are abnormal sexual orientation, gender identity is not abnormal, for example, a gay woman is a woman is right, a gay man also think they are men, but they like the same sex, this is an abnormal sexual orientation, because most people are like the opposite sex, they like the same sex. The transgender group is gender identity abnormal, sexual orientation is not abnormal, obviously she has a daughter body, she thinks she is a male heart, or like Venus is a male body, he is a daughter heart, biological gender and psychological gender inconsistent, this is gender identity abnormal, but their sexual orientation is not abnormal, they are heterosexual, they are not homosexual, so the difference between these two sides here. Li Yinhe: Actually, since Freud, innate and acquired cannot be determined. Once someone asked Foucault whether homosexuality is innate or acquired, he said I have absolutely nothing to say on this issue. Why is it hard to say this thing? Sometimes I ask my survey respondents whether it is innate or acquired, they say it is definitely innate, if not innate, it is so difficult to be a homosexual, why not change to heterosexual ah; but there are many reasons for the acquired, for example, in ancient Greece, homosexuality is a common practice, every teenager has an adult as his master, this teacher taught him fighting The teacher taught him fighting, taught him culture, and was also his sexual partner, but when the child grew up, he married and had children, and no one said that these teenagers and teachers were homosexual. In fact, the term “homosexuality” was only invented in the 19th century in sexology, there was no such concept before, so Foucault has a view that homosexuality is not tobe but todo, you are not a homosexual, not to be a homosexual, but to say that the act, the sexual act between the same sex is to do. The sexual act is to do. For example, the ancient emperors of China also had many male pets, we all know the popular story of Yu Tao broke his sleeve, you can say that Han Xian Di he was a homosexual, you can not say so. Sigmund Freud once said, the ancient and modern people’s sexual difference in which? It is that the ancient people attach more importance to the sexual desire itself, modern people attach more importance to the sexual object. Like the ancient Greek slave owners, like the ancient Chinese emperors, they feel that sexual desire is like an indistinguishable mass in the human body, like a bottle of water, full of it to flow, to vent, as for the object of venting is male or female it does not matter. Transgender love is also similar to the cause of homosexuality, and it is not clear. So I think there is a particularly good policy for these people is Spain, that is, you can register their gender according to their own will, you think you want to register male, you will register male, you want to register female will register female, I think this is much better, they also do not have so much pressure. Gender role stereotypes are oppressive to both sexes Li Yinhe: the so-called femininity and manhood, we also say masculine, feminine, this set of gender stereotypes, Foucault said we all think it is physiologically determined, but in fact, it is social and cultural discourse to construct. For example, in medieval Europe, women were not allowed to wear pants, if you do not wear a skirt, you change a trouser, you are not a woman, you do not have a woman’s temperament, from this example we can see how this thing is affected by social changes, changes in values. Nowadays, all women wear pants, so they don’t say it’s not feminine anymore. If a girl is not maternal, if she is not nurturing, she is not a normal woman, so many people say that some professions are naturally suitable for women, such as kindergarten aunts, nurses and so on, these are actually socially constructed. China’s sexual state is the most repressed in the world, only a little better than North Korea Li Yin: How can we say that the state of our sexuality in China is a little better than North Korea, it should be among the most repressed in the world. If you look at the laws related to sex, almost no country in the world has the crime of public disorder, perhaps North Korea, is almost no world, several adults together to play a sex party, or a spouse swap or something is considered public disorder, our China in the 80s, a spouse swap is to be sentenced to death, this thing is really appalling. This law is now basically not how to implement, in 2011 Nanjing, there is a Ma Xiaohai spouse exchange case sentenced to 3 and a half years, the sentence has been much lighter, the latest case of public disorder, a gay doctor in Shanghai, he went to the Internet to recruit a group of gay men to have a party to play, the matter was caught by the police, the sentence is 3 months of detention, the sentence is getting lighter, society is still At least the absurdity of the previous law has come to light. But even if this is the case, is three months of detention the right thing to do? I remember when Ma Xiaohai’s case came up, the president of the Associated Press came to our house for an interview, and he asked a question: What is the function of the law to punish these people who change spouses? For example, we punish a rape case, is to seek justice for the rape victim, it is a victim, of course, you can not just go out on the street to rape people, so the whole society is chaotic, the law is set up to have its function, there is a need for it to punish criminals, it is necessary to protect the victim, so in the spouse exchange or the so-called mass disorder in the head, the case is simply all voluntary, there is no victim What is the function of the law? In addition, you see like obscenity law, there are few countries in the world have, that is, North Korea is still engaged in that, they engage in raids on pornography is a sudden power cut, the people at home to watch pornographic tapes, suddenly to your power cut, the tape is stuck in the machine, and then you can not run away from it, then he knocked on the door to go in one by one to check. I saw a recent case last year, a 24-year-old woman in Beijing, a mother, she wrote seven obscene novels to the Internet, the number of hits 80,000, and then she was arrested, saying she was in violation of the obscenity law, she At that time, the sentence was very light, like 4 months of detention, in the 80s many obscene bookseller is the death penalty, these are the cases published in the People’s Daily, so this kind of thing we compared with North Korea is 50 steps laughing at 100 steps, it should be said that some of our current sex-related laws are still the most severe in the world, very outdated. Freud said that sexual repression is the price people must pay for social civilization, that is, you can’t just rape people, but this repression is indispensable, should be the smaller the better, not to repress where it is not necessary, if many places are repressed, it is an unreasonable policy, such as those without victims, these so-called criminal law we are still punishing Sexual crimes. In fact, we can also say that it is reasonable to maximize human pleasure, minimize pain, minimize repression, and maximize space, so that we can improve, can improve, is that those without victims, the so-called “sexual crimes” of our past. Before 1997, we had the crime of hooliganism in our criminal law, and the crime of hooliganism only punished sexual expression outside of marriage, and there was an example of a woman having sex with more than one man, so she could be arrested and sent to prison. After the reform of the Criminal Law in 1997, the crime of hooliganism was abolished, and now Chinese people can have sexual relations with people they are not married to, but the crime of public disorder was retained in the crime of hooliganism in the past, which means that two people can do it, but more than three people still can’t, because many people are very frightened when they hear me say that the crime of public disorder should be abolished, can we approve of public disorder now? The lewdness should be greatly increased, then I have to ask, why the abolition of the crime of hooliganism in 1997, is not the hooligans will greatly increase it? A lot of people they have not realized that some of the basic rights of a citizen, and do not have to write in the law that citizens of the People’s Republic of China have the right to sexual intercourse, the right to engage in consensual sexual activity, it does not have to write this, it should be in the head of personal freedom rights, such as our Constitution does not say that citizens of the People’s Republic of China have the right to eat. Women’s sexual repression is deeper 28% of 60-year-old women have no sexual pleasure for life Li Yinhe: the change in the purpose of sex has a great relationship with family planning, because for example, in the past, rural women had to give birth to more than a dozen children in their lifetime, of course, not necessarily all live, for example, my aunt gave birth to 5 boys and 5 girls, and finally survived 3 girls, now a family let you give birth to one or two, the rest of the time you still do not do, if you do If you do, it’s not for procreation, it’s for pleasure, which means that the purpose of human activity in China has changed. Family planning is purely for population control, but I never thought it would change. The anti-sexual abstinence atmosphere is what China has had for many years, and the repression of people, especially for women, the double standard of men and women on sexual issues is particularly strong, men can like sex, women can not, if men like sex will also get some positive comments, such as this person must be very rich, very powerful, or at least his body is very good, but you imagine if a woman has sex with many men. Everyone is scolding, saying that this is a bad woman, this is a degenerate woman, this is a lecherous woman. In 2004, a national sex survey showed that 28% of women in the 60-64 age group had never experienced sexual pleasure in their lives, a figure that is too high. Foreign surveys have also been conducted, there are some people because of the physiology or do not like sex reasons, generally do not exceed 10%, we can get a 28%, really quite amazing. This survey is not to say that they do not have now, but that they do not have a lifetime, when they were young, they did not experience, the problem is more serious, but in fact, sexology shows that until the age of 80 can have pleasure, men and women alike. The actual fact is that sex is as much of a livelihood issue as eating. Li Yinhe: I think a lot of people look at Chen Guanxi’s pornographic photos, probably as a pornographic film, because pornography is still illegal in the mainland, obscenity is illegal, there are only a few countries left, this obscenity law in the West is the late 19th century, early 20th century thing, one or two hundred years have passed, we are still practicing, this thing is really strange. In fact, this thing is not unique to China, I listened to such a statement at an early age, saying that 70% of people go online to watch pornography, adults have this kind of sexual consumption needs, the old saying also says that food and sex, the two most important things in life, one is to eat, one is sex, I later wrote an article, said sex is also a livelihood issue, in Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory 5 levels In Maslow’s 5 levels of needs theory, survival needs include sex, food, the first layer, then the second layer is the need for security, the third layer is the need to belong, the fourth layer is the need for respect, and finally the pursuit of self-actualization. This obscenity law sooner or later is to be abolished, because it is too outdated, and now on the Internet, simply can not be stopped, because in foreign countries it is legal. I invented a theory called menu, obscenity for sexual intercourse, like a restaurant’s colorful menu versus eating, the menu is a visual enjoyment, eating is the real taste, if you can not ban sexual intercourse, why single out that menu to combat it? Apart from North Korea, I really haven’t heard of any countries that have obscenity laws, and their networks also crack down on child pornography, and child pornography sometimes because children are involuntary, they are filmed, and pedophilia itself also infringes on teenagers, so they will crack down on this, but adults are open and honest, and have the right to consume this visual, so I think some laws are really nothing I think some laws are not really justified. Taiwan people inherit ancient Chinese traditions and are more tolerant of homosexuality Li Yin Yin: This thing in Taiwan is really encouraging, because like the West there are now 17 countries where same-sex marriage is legal, but they are, after all, quite far apart from our culture. We can’t? In fact, especially early we noticed that, for example, Taiwan’s gay cultural festival, Ma Ying-jeou are going to cut the ribbon it, I went to participate in several cultural festivals held on the mainland, to the scene to see the police than gay more. Li Yinhe: I think this is related to the traditional Chinese sexual culture, there has been no bad comments about homosexuality. We compare with the West from ancient times to the present, the West has sentenced homosexuality to death, there is to make it illegal, we in China never, the entire ancient Chinese sexual culture, homosexuality is quite tolerant, will feel this thing is a bit strange, quite ridiculous, and even feel quite a pity, China so much attention to fertility, a good young man can not be passed on to the next generation, it feels very sad, at most is When I think about it, I think that this person is not a bit abnormal, quite worthy of sympathy. So in the process of fighting for the rights of homosexuals in Taiwan, it should play a facilitating role, not a hindering role, so Taiwan has preserved more ancient Chinese sexual culture, and it will not prevent them from accepting homosexuals. On the other hand, I think it is actually directly related to the reform of the political system and the smooth flow of the entire interest expression mechanism. For example, some minority groups are very aggressive, they want equal rights, they have some lobbying system, they can lobby the legislators to give them proposals, in mainland China this channel is not open, you see in our NPC deputies there are representatives of migrant workers, but there are no representatives of homosexuals, because they account for a small proportion of the population, only 4%, so their voice is very weak, if there is no mechanism to take care of the special interests of these minorities. If there is no mechanism to take care of the special interests of these minorities, then their special requests will never be queued up, which only involves the special interests of a small group of people, other people can completely ignore you, and people have no incentive to say that they want to change such a law. So I think these two aspects enable Taiwan to go ahead of us.