Extrapulmonary manifestations of lung cancer

The extra-pulmonary manifestations of lung cancer mainly include the following: a. Symptoms caused by extra-pulmonary invasion of lesions, such as hoarseness, choking on water, difficulty in swallowing, tachycardia, heart failure, etc. Symptoms caused by extra-pulmonary metastasis, such as bone pain caused by metastasis to bone, hepatic pain and hepatomegaly caused by metastasis to liver, increased intracranial pressure and neurological and psychiatric symptoms caused by metastasis to skull, and enlarged lymph nodes caused by metastasis to lymph nodes. The symptoms of paraneoplastic syndrome can be clinically manifested as anorexia, cachexia, fever and other systemic symptoms. There are also endocrine or metabolic symptoms such as Cushing’s syndrome, hyponatremia and hypercalcemia, skin changes such as pestle and mortar finger, dermatomyositis and acanthosis nigricans, and symptoms of blood diseases such as anemia and thrombocytopenic purpura.