The term “lumbar disc herniation” refers to a series of changes due to degeneration of the lumbar disc, rupture of the annulus fibrosus and protrusion of the nucleus pulposus. If the herniated nucleus pulposus compresses the nerve root, cauda equina, or produces inflammatory irritation, and shows a series of clinical symptoms and signs, it is called “lumbar disc herniation”, commonly known as “lumbar herniation”. Simply speaking, the former is about the state of herniated nucleus pulposus, and the latter is about a series of painful symptoms as the main manifestation of the disease caused by the herniated nucleus pulposus. “Lumbar disc herniation” is a common clinical disease and the main cause of back and leg pain, which often brings a lot of pain to patients’ life and work, and even causes disability and loss of working ability. The main clinical symptoms are: low back pain, unilateral lower limb radiating pain, intermittent claudication, limitation of spinal movement, sensory numbness, etc. Lumbar disc herniation is the main cause of low back pain and is one of the common disorders in the pain department, accounting for 30%-40% of patients with long-term chronic low back pain and 25%-40% of hospitalization cases due to low back pain. “Lumbar disc herniation” is caused by “lumbar disc herniation”, but not all “lumbar disc herniation” will necessarily lead to pain in the lower back and lower limbs. Studies have shown that the occurrence of “herniated discs” is very common (herniated discs are often found in the lumbar and cervical spine) and that asymptomatic “herniated discs” occur in about 1/3 of the normal population. In other words, if three normal people stand together, one may have a herniated disc in the lumbar or cervical spine. The pain is mainly due to the stimulation and compression of the adjacent tissues (mainly sinus nerve and spinal nerve root) by the herniated and degenerated nucleus pulposus, as well as the overflow of biological substances such as glycoproteins in the nucleus pulposus, the release of histamine and other local chemical inflammation, resulting in chemical and mechanical radiculitis, causing mild or severe chronic back and leg pain. Moreover, degeneration of the lumbar spine also often occurs simultaneously in other tissues of the lumbar region, such as small intervertebral joints, ligaments, and lumbar muscles, causing local chronic inflammation of these tissues and causing pain. The two factors interact with each other and aggravate each other, causing progressive development of lumbar and leg pain. According to the relationship between the degree of protrusion of the disc and the annulus fibrosus, it is clinically classified into: disc bulge, disc herniation and disc prolapse, etc. Although the names and meanings of these diseases differ, the current unified term is: lumbar disc herniation. With the continuous development of science and technology, we have gained further understanding of the disease and developed a series of more effective treatments. For example, mild cases can receive: medication, physical therapy, acupuncture, massage, etc. Those with severe disease can receive: surgery, radiofrequency thermal coagulation of the nucleus pulposus molding (minimally invasive), triple oxygen ablation of the nucleus pulposus (minimally invasive), etc. For patients who are not able to meet the criteria for surgery, “nerve block” treatment is also a very good choice. Nerve block is the pain physician’s family treasure for treating herniated disc, which is a therapy that injects analgesic and anti-inflammatory drugs directly into the vicinity of the diseased nerve root under the guidance of imaging, with high safety and good efficacy, effectively filling the treatment gap between drug therapy and surgical treatment. As humans walk upright, the spine is under pressure from our own weight due to gravity, so we are probably the most common earthly creature known to have herniated discs. If you find yourself a patient with “lumbar disc herniation”, don’t panic, don’t get frustrated, understand the disease objectively, go to a professional physician immediately, choose a treatment method that suits the extent of your disease, and believe that the light of health is in front of you.