Nocturia is defined as urinating one or more times during the night, and each time urination interrupts sleep. Nocturia leads to insomnia at night, resulting in decreased energy, causing many older people to have accidents, bringing many problems in their later years, and seriously affecting their health and quality of life. However, nocturia is different from polyuria, which is defined as urinating more than 2,500 milliliters per day. Nocturia refers to an increase in the number and volume of nocturnal urination, and the total amount of nocturnal urine is usually more than 700 ml (accounting for more than 1/3 of the 24-hour urine output), but the total 24-hour urine output does not increase. Nocturia is very common in the elderly and becomes more pronounced with age, usually getting up more than twice a night. Unfortunately, many people believe that nocturia is harmless and a natural variation with age. As the saying goes: “Children sleep more, the elderly urinate more.” In fact, this understanding is one-sided. Elderly nocturia, it is not a normal physiological phenomenon, not physiological needs, but a potential pathological manifestations. Increased nocturia in the elderly is a common but not fully recognized disease, so what is the matter with nocturia? Summarize the main reasons are as follows: 1, physiological: too much soup for dinner, porridge, or a lot of water before going to bed, Xi drinking strong tea, coffee, etc., can cause increased nocturia. 2, mental factors: due to mental tension, insomnia and nervousness lead to increased frequency of nocturia, the formation of habitual nocturia. 3, renal: the concentration function of the kidneys of the elderly significantly reduced, often increased nocturia; especially with hypertension, arteriosclerosis, renal insufficiency and other diseases of the elderly, due to renal arteriosclerosis, renal blood supply is insufficient, more so that the concentration function of the kidneys gradually decline, increased urine volume, especially increased nocturia is the most prominent. It is worth noting that increased nocturia is often the earliest symptom of renal decompensation. 4, the elderly bladder urethral muscle atrophy leads to decreased contraction of residual urine is the actual capacity of the bladder becomes smaller, the number of night urination increased. 5, genitourinary tract diseases: elderly men due to prostate hyperplasia and hypertrophy, pressure and stimulation of the bladder neck, so that the bladder contraction, thus appearing frequent urination, especially at night to increase the number of times of urination is the most obvious; elderly women with uterine prolapse, relaxation of the tissues around the neck of the bladder, bladder bulge, can also cause frequent urination at night, urinate more. 6, endocrine and cardiovascular diseases: diabetes mellitus, uremia, cardiac insufficiency can also cause nocturia. In addition, there are scholars recently that nocturia and the elderly antidiuretic hormone secretion reduction and lack of circadian regularity is closely related. In short, the phenomenon of “increased nocturia” may indicate that your kidneys, heart or other aspects of the red light has been lit. Therefore, if you have an increase in nocturia or urine output, don’t be concerned because it is an early sign of certain diseases and you should seek medical attention in time. How to prevent and treat the disease? Do proper physical exercise to slow down the aging of the body; moderate control of drinking water before going to bed, do not drink strong tea and coffee; insomnia patients can take a moderate amount of sleeping pills; be careful to use atropine and other drugs to weaken the bladder contraction ability; patients with prostate hyperplasia should be guided by doctors to take medication or undergo surgical treatment; maintain sufficient vigilance on the diseases that can cause nocturia, and go to the hospital in a timely manner to check and treat the disease. However, most of the current treatments are only symptomatic. According to research data show that taking diuretics (such as fast urine) 6 hours before bedtime can reduce the number of nocturnal urination by 50% and the amount of nocturia by 18%. In addition, oral desmopressin before bedtime can increase the concentration of antidiuretic hormone at night in the elderly, thus significantly reducing the volume and frequency of nocturia, and has recently been approved for the treatment of nocturia in some European countries.