Urolithiasis is one of the common diseases in urology, accounting for the highest number of urological inpatients. Epidemiological data from European and American countries show that 5% to 10% of people have urinary stones at least once in their lifetime, and the annual new incidence of urinary stones in Europe is about 100-400/100,000 people. In recent years, the incidence of urinary stones in China has increased, and the incidence of urinary stones in China is 1% to 5%, with an annual new incidence of about 150-200/100,000 people, 25% of whom require hospitalization. The incidence of urolithiasis has obvious regional characteristics, and the Lunan region is one of the areas with a high incidence of urinary stones. Stone disease can cause other pathologies in the body, such as hydronephrosis, renal failure and uremia, which seriously threaten people’s health and life. Therefore, timely and appropriate treatment is very important. In today’s era of minimally invasive surgery, open surgery to remove stones is a thing of the past. Pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy is a lithotripsy technology for the treatment of urinary stones, which uses the energy of high-pressure gas to push special steel beads to produce pulsed vibration, and under the surveillance of endoscope, this vibration is transmitted to the surface of the stone through a special vibration rod to break the stone, so the efficiency of lithotripsy is very high, known as the “invisible air gun It is called “invisible air gun”. Because of its minimally invasive, safe and highly effective features, this technique is now widely used abroad for the treatment of ureteral stones, bladder stones, urethral stones and kidney stones. Pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy is the most advanced technology for the treatment of urinary stones, and is regarded as a revolutionary leap in the diagnosis and treatment of urinary stones, which is revolutionary in that it does not require incision and can completely crush stones at one time. Dr. Mingjun Li has rich clinical experience in microchannel percutaneous nephrolithotomy and intraluminal lithotripsy of upper ureteral stones, which is the leading level in the province. Pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy can be used for percutaneous nephrolithotripsy, ureteroscopic lithotripsy and cystoscopic lithotripsy. The size of the probe can be changed, so it can be used for lumpectomy to treat ureteral stones, renal pelvis stones, calcium stones, bladder stones, urethral stones, etc. Ureteroscopic pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy makes the operation not like “surgery: The success rate of ureteroscopic pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy is high for the treatment of ureteral stones in all segments, which greatly makes up for the shortage of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. The lithotripsy rod with a good air compression pump is inserted from the working channel of the ureteroscope after seeing the stone, and after aligning the stone, the air pressure pump is activated to break the stone to less than 3mm by single or continuous pulse, and then the stone is flushed out by saline. It is suitable for the treatment of urethral stones, bladder stones, ureteral stones and rescue of stones leading to uremia, renal colic, lower urinary tract stone obstruction and other urological emergencies. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy system is like “hole extraction” It is well known that surgical extraction of stones has great damage, many complications and certain risks, while drug treatment often has low stone removal rate and long treatment time. For kidney stones and upper ureteral stones, minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy, or “hole extraction” as the people call it, is mostly used. Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy is performed with a channel less than or equal to 8 mm in diameter. The procedure is usually performed under the guidance of B-ultrasound to establish a percutaneous renal channel, which is then used to enter the kidney and place a pneumatic ballistic lithotripter to extract the stone while lithotripsy. In recent years, Dr. Li Mingjun has led his team to innovate and improve on the basis of carrying out standard channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy for stone extraction, and carried out micro-channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy for stone extraction, making it more minimally invasive and gradually applied to the treatment of kidney stones and single stones in kidney and ureter in children. Postoperative precautions for pneumatic ballistic lithotripsy: 1. Drink more water up to 2500ml per day to keep the daily urine volume above 2000ml. 2, according to the analysis of stone composition to guide the diet, such as oxalate stones, can eat less oxalic acid-rich food such as spinach; phosphate stones should eat low phosphorus, low calcium food, avoid drinking a lot of milk; uric acid stones should not eat high purine food such as animal offal. 3. During the period of double J-tube placement, take proper rest, avoid strenuous activities, especially avoid doing limb and abdominal stretching at the same time, avoid sudden squatting and heavy physical labor, and pay attention to keep the stool unobstructed to prevent constipation. 4. Come to the hospital for regular review as instructed, self-monitor the color, quality and quantity of urine according to the doctor’s instructions, return to the hospital for follow-up when abnormalities are found, review KUB and kidney function 4-6 weeks after surgery and remove the double J tube, and review ultrasound regularly to check for recurrence of stones.