Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to portal vein metastasis because of the anatomical characteristics of liver cancer and its biological characteristics. The tumor-forming vessels of hepatocellular carcinoma are all small branches of the portal vein. Once the portal vein cancer thrombus is formed, it will affect the normal liver blood supply and aggravate the portal hypertension causing intrahepatic dissemination. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma of the primary branches of the portal vein and or the main trunk of the portal vein have a median survival of less than 3 months without treatment. There are several methods for the treatment of such patients: 1. Selective hepatic artery chemoembolization: traditional interventional treatment: the nutrient blood supply of portal vein cancer embolus mainly comes from hepatic artery, so selective hepatic artery embolization is still an effective treatment method. 2.Portal vein chemo-perfusion: the portal vein is directly punctured through the liver or the spleen, and the catheter is selectively inserted into the lesion area for perfusion chemotherapy, which is beneficial to control the progress of cancer embolism. 3.Local radioactive particle implantation for portal vein cancer thrombus: Radioactive particles can be implanted at the cancer thrombus of portal vein branches by direct puncture through liver route to control the cancer thrombus with brachytherapy. 4.Portal vein stent placement: portal vein cancer embolus involves the main trunk, which can lead to portal hypertension and cause upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Portal vein stenting can help ensure blood supply to the liver, reduce portal vein pressure and decrease the chance of gastrointestinal bleeding.