Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the common malignant tumors in China, which is characterized by rapid growth and easy intrahepatic metastasis, and is called the “king of cancers”. In the past, due to the lack of effective treatment means due to the lack of deep understanding of its biological characteristics and the limitation of medical technology, most patients died within 3-6 months after the discovery of the tumor. In recent years, with the rapid development of modern medicine, people’s understanding of liver cancer has become more and more profound, and a whole set of comprehensive measures have been developed for the treatment of liver cancer. They include surgical resection of liver cancer, hepatic artery interventional embolization chemotherapy, B-ultrasound guided liver puncture intra-tumor anhydrous alcohol injection, liver cancer microwave therapy, cryotherapy, immunotherapy, molecular targeted therapy, Chinese traditional medicine, etc., which have greatly prolonged patients’ lives and some of them even obtained cure. Generally speaking, surgery is the first choice for liver cancer treatment. Surgical resection is the most important and ideal method to achieve radical cure, striving for early surgical resection. We believe that the size of tumor should not be a contraindication to surgery, as long as the patient has good liver function, no metastasis and can tolerate surgery, we strive for surgical resection. The reason is that the patient’s tumor is large, but the patient’s general condition is good and there is no metastasis, which means that the malignancy of the tumor is not high, and the surgical resection can still obtain better results, and some of them can also be cured. This point is increasingly accepted by most experts, and minimally invasive means such as local ablation of tumor can be used for small hepatocellular carcinoma to achieve the purpose of tumor elimination, such as B-ultrasound guided intra-tumor anhydrous alcohol therapy, microwave curing, etc. It does not necessarily require surgical resection. If the tumor involves the left and right lobes, or the tumor is limited to the half of the liver, but the liver function cannot be compensated after resection due to moderate or above hepatic sclerosis, or the liver cancer with distant metastasis, which is not suitable for surgical resection, then consider using hepatic artery cannulation embolization chemotherapy or ultrasound-guided ablation or both. Other interventional methods such as liquid nitrogen cryotherapy, high power radiofrequency ablation therapy, microwave curing, etc. can be used. More reasonable use of some methods that have no hope of cure when used alone can significantly improve the efficacy, such as hepatic artery embolization chemo-radiotherapy, immunotherapy, “triple” is better than “double”, “double” is better than single. “triple” is better than “duplex” and “duplex” is better than single combination. As for more advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, it is appropriate to adopt molecular targeted therapy for timely symptomatic treatment. For these patients, it is more important to relieve their symptoms to relieve pain and prevent complications to prolong life than anti-cancer treatment. For patients with early stage liver cancer, especially those with severe cirrhosis, direct in situ liver transplantation has only about 10% recurrence rate, and most of them can be cured for a long time, which is better than surgical resection. In conclusion, the most suitable treatment method should be chosen according to the condition and different periods, and comprehensive treatment should be adopted to avoid over-treatment, and some patients can be cured. In my opinion, the size of the tumor and whether the tumor invades blood vessels are no longer contraindications to surgery, and the scientific and reasonable choice of treatment methods and effective improvement of liver function can enable most patients to achieve long-term survival.