Lumbar spondylolisthesis generally does not cause symptoms, but when some lumbar spondylolisthesis into the spinal canal and intervertebral foramen, it will compress the patient’s spinal cord and nerves, and then its clinical symptoms are mainly lumbar and leg pain as well as accompanied by sensory abnormalities. Lumbar vertebral osteophytes are asymptomatic, and the most common symptoms are lumbar stiffness, pain, and soreness. When lumbar spondylolisthesis causes nerve root compression, lower limb pain may gradually occur, mostly radiating from the buttocks to the lower limbs or feet. Some patients may also have numbness in the legs, weakness in the lower limbs and loss of sensation. When osteophytes protrude into the spinal canal, they can cause spinal stenosis, leading to nerve compression. At this time, patients may also have intermittent claudication or even cauda equina syndrome along with low back and leg pain. Patients are advised to consult a doctor in a timely manner to clarify the cause of the disease and to target treatment.