Lumbar spine osteophytes are degenerative lesions that often cause damage to the normal structure of the lumbar spine and symptoms of nerve compression. Lumbar vertebral osteophytes are degenerative lesions that generally occur in the elderly, due to long-term stress on the lumbar spine joints and adaptive changes in the bone in order to adapt to the surrounding forces. Lumbar vertebral osteophytes often lead to changes in the normal structure of the lumbar spine, with bony protrusions that may compress important surrounding structures, such as the spinal canal and the cauda equina. If the nerves are compressed after lumbar spondylolisthesis, it may lead to lower limb pain, numbness, muscle weakness and other symptoms. If a patient develops lower extremity symptoms due to lumbar spondylolisthesis, it is recommended to seek early medical attention for a clear diagnosis and targeted treatment.