The eyes are the windows to the soul, and according to statistics, more than 90% of external information is obtained through the eyes. This shows the importance of the eyes to a person. Many eye diseases can be prevented and treated at an early stage. In many eye diseases, early treatment and late treatment can lead to completely different outcomes. The main blinding eye diseases are the following: 1. Diabetic retinopathy: As people’s standard of living improves, the incidence of diabetes increases year by year, and the number of patients with diabetes-induced retinopathy is gradually increasing. The late complications of diabetic retinopathy are terrible. Retinal detachment by traction and neovascular glaucoma often lead not only to blindness in the affected eye, but also may lead to eye distention and headache, and once it reaches an advanced stage, the prognosis for treatment is not optimistic. Therefore, early detection and treatment of diabetic retinopathy is especially important. For patients with diabetes, while strictly controlling blood sugar, even if there is no vision loss, they should go to the local ophthalmology department every 3 months to 6 months for fundus examination and fundus imaging if necessary. If retinal ischemic areas or vascular leakage are found, fundus laser photocoagulation should be performed as soon as possible to prevent sudden fundus hemorrhage followed by neovascular glaucoma and to protect and maintain the existing vision. For patients with severe vitreous hemorrhage or retinal detachment, surgery is required. 2, retinal detachment: Retinal detachment is a serious eye disease, once it occurs, just like the negative inside the camera is detached, the object can not form an image in the eye, thus causing serious vision loss, such as detachment of a large extent or with macular detachment, and the treatment is not timely, can often lead to blindness. Guo Jingjing, a famous diver, has a retinal detachment, but she has undergone retinal surgery in time and recovered well. Retinal detachment is most common in patients with high myopia (-6.00D or higher). Why are highly myopic eyes prone to retinal detachment? It turns out that high myopia is due to the continuous growth of the anterior and posterior diameter of the eye, the retina and choroid cannot grow accordingly, which leads to diffuse atrophy of the retina and choroid, and the vitreous body also changes from gel to liquid, when the head is too much vibration or strenuous movement, the vitreous body turbulence increases, and the retina is often traction and fissure occurs. When the retina is fractured, the liquefied vitreous body will enter the subretina, forming a retinal detachment. Therefore, patients with high myopia should take care to avoid strenuous exercise and heavy physical labor, and avoid head injury. It is better to check the fundus half year to one year, this is because the presence of retinal fissure is possible even without vision loss. For retinal fissures that have not yet occurred, they can be closed by laser treatment, while once retinal detachment occurs, they can only be treated by surgery. 3, glaucoma: Glaucoma is a group of more common eye diseases with common features that eventually lead to optic nerve atrophy and visual field defects. Most types of glaucoma manifest as an increase in pressure (intraocular pressure) in the eye. In general, glaucoma is an irreversible and blinding eye disease, which means that treatment for glaucoma is aimed at maintaining current vision rather than restoring original vision. In particular, a large number of patients with chronic glaucoma gradually lose some or even all of their vision without being aware of it and fail to seek medical attention early, thus missing the opportunity for treatment and leaving them with a lifelong regret. Therefore, early detection and knowledge of glaucoma is especially important. For people over 45 years old with a family history of glaucoma, they should routinely go to the hospital ophthalmology department to check the intraocular pressure and fundus to rule out the possibility of glaucoma. 4. Cataract: Cataract is when the clear lens in the eye becomes cloudy. The lens, like a camera lens, is what converges light into an image on the negative. A normal lens is one that focuses light on the retina to form a clear image. If the lens becomes progressively cloudy, light cannot pass through it properly, resulting in a blurred image on the retina. Currently, there are no medications that can effectively inhibit the formation of cataracts or stop their further development. The only treatment is surgery to remove the clouded lens and implant an artificial lens. Previously, cataract surgery was usually performed until the mature or near-mature stage, which means that vision decreases to the point where there is only light perception and manual movement. Nowadays, in principle, cataracts can be operated when they have a significant impact on life and work, and the specific decision is usually made according to the degree of the patient’s need for vision, the surgeon’s surgical experience, and the hospital’s equipment, which are generally operated on the basis of corrected visual acuity of 0.3 to 0.4 or less. It is gratifying to note that the surgical results of cataracts are generally good, and patients can often regain their sight after surgery. The above introduces to you the prevention and treatment of 4 common blinding eye diseases. From the above, we can easily see that understanding the general knowledge of eye diseases and mastering the precautions can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of certain eye diseases, thus obtaining a better prognosis.