As the weather turns cooler, children are wearing long clothes and pants to protect themselves from the autumn chill. Pediatric clinics are gradually seeing more and more children with diarrhea in particular. Diarrhea can be caused by a variety of factors, medically speaking, either viruses or bacteria. Bacterial diarrhea is common in the summer and viral diarrhea is common in the fall and winter. Fall diarrhea, for example, is a type of enteritis caused by rotavirus and has a high incidence in the fall and winter months (October to February). Pediatric autumn diarrhea is named for its high incidence in the fall and winter months, and is mainly aggressive in infants and children aged 6 to 24 months. It is mainly spread by fecal-oral transmission. If the child’s milk utensils or food are not clean, or if the child has habits such as eating without washing hands or biting fingers, it is easy for the child to become infected with rotavirus, which leads to diarrhea. After a child is infected with rotavirus, he or she often initially shows symptoms of a cold, such as fever, runny nose, sneezing and nasal congestion. At this time, parents may mistakenly think that their child has a cold and take cold medicine. But then the child will develop fever, vomiting, diarrhea and other symptoms, and gradually worsen, stools are watery or egg-flake soup-like, ranging from 3 to 10 times a day. Due to vomiting and diarrhea, the child can show symptoms of dehydration, such as reduced urine output, little or no tears when crying, dry skin and mucous membranes, sunken fontanels and eye sockets, etc. Fall diarrhea is a self-limiting disease with a natural course of 3 to 8 days, with an average of about 5 days. Since autumn diarrhea is caused by a virus, antibiotic treatment is generally not needed and fluid therapy should be reasonably applied, with the use of microecological preparations and mucosal protectants. For children with mild disease, no dehydration symptoms or mild dehydration symptoms, parents can give their children Simethicone (montelukast) and oral rehydration salts to treat the disease, both of which are relatively easy to buy in pharmacies. However, children with severe dehydration symptoms should be seen by a hospital for intravenous rehydration therapy. Chinese herbal medicine has better clinical efficacy in treating autumn diarrhea, and many clinical studies have reported that Chinese herbal medicine is more effective than Simethicone in improving symptoms and shortening the course of the disease. To prevent autumn diarrhea, the main thing is to prevent “disease from the mouth” and promote breastfeeding. When artificial feeding, you should pay attention to the cleanliness and freshness of food, do not give your baby food and water that has been stored for too long, and try to eat less raw food. Baby’s milk utensils and toys should be disinfected frequently, and parents should wash their hands and change their clothes after work before getting close to their babies. Also, keep the room ventilated and avoid taking your baby to crowded places. In July to September every year, before the autumn diarrhea epidemic season comes, live rotavirus vaccination is a good way to prevent autumn diarrhea, the prevention rate can reach more than 75%.