The medical name for leukemia is leukemia, commonly known as blood cancer. Leukemia is a malignant clonal disease of hematopoietic stem cells. As leukemic cells fail to differentiate and mature normally, they stagnate at different stages of development, resulting in the destruction of normal hematopoietic functions, and the patient develops a series of symptoms such as anemia, infection, bleeding, and organ infiltration. Leukemia is a malignant tumor that poses a great threat to human health. Leukemia is clinically divided into two categories: acute leukemia and chronic leukemia. Acute leukemia is subdivided into acute lymphoblastic leukemia and acute myeloid leukemia based on the origin of the leukemia cells. Chronic leukemia is also divided into chronic granulocytic leukemia and chronic lymphocytic leukemia based on the origin of the cells. The two main types of treatment for leukemia are chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy. Some leukemias are treated quite well, such as acute promyelocytic leukemia, with a cure rate of more than 90%, which is the type of leukemia with the best prognosis of all leukemias.