Mr. Li, in his forties, is the deputy general manager of a construction company and has always been in good health and does not feel any discomfort. Last month the unit conducted a routine physical examination, the ultrasound report said he had multiple liver cysts, about 4 or 5, the largest diameter of 4 cm. Although the doctor said there was no big problem, Lao Li felt unsettled and recently felt vague distension in his upper right abdomen. So what kind of disease is liver cyst? Liver cysts are a relatively common type of benign liver disease, divided into parasitic and non-parasitic liver cysts. The latter are subdivided into congenital, traumatic, inflammatory and tumorigenic cysts. The most common clinical condition is congenital hepatic cysts, which are subdivided into solitary and multiple, the latter also known as polycystic liver. Solitary hepatic cysts are more common in the 20-50 age group, with a male to female ratio of 1:4, and occur in the right lobe of the liver, with small cysts only a few millimeters in diameter, but large ones can be more than 10 cm in diameter, containing clarified and transparent cystic fluid, usually without bile, and up to several thousand milliliters of cystic fluid. Multiple liver cysts are more common in women aged 40-60 years, with cysts of varying sizes, mostly throughout the liver, but can also be confined to the local part of the liver. Congenital liver cysts grow slowly and small cysts do not cause any symptoms and are mostly found by chance during physical examination. If the cyst increases to a certain extent, it may cause symptoms such as fullness after eating, nausea, vomiting, vague pain and discomfort in the right upper abdomen due to compression of stomach and intestines. B-mode ultrasonography is the preferred method to diagnose liver cysts and is often used for routine physical examination and preliminary diagnosis, which is an economical, reliable and simple examination method. CT examination is very helpful in the diagnosis of hepatic cysts and can detect 1-2 cm hepatic cysts. contrast injection for enhanced CT helps to differentiate hepatic hemangioma from primary hepatocellular carcinoma. Unchanged lesion area after enhancement is liver cyst, reduced lesion area is hepatic hemangioma, and more obvious lesion area is liver cancer. Patients with multiple liver cysts should also be examined for cysts in the kidneys, lungs, pancreas and other organs. Small hepatic cysts such as about 1-5 cm in diameter without obvious symptoms do not need special treatment; large hepatic cysts such as 5-10 cm in diameter with symptoms of compression should be given appropriate treatment. The management of liver cysts is mainly surgical treatment, including cyst puncture and aspiration, cyst windowing, cyst drainage or cystectomy. Cyst puncture and aspiration is to perform percutaneous puncture under the guidance of ultrasound positioning to enter the cyst and aspirate the cystic fluid. It is suitable for superficial liver cysts, simple to operate and does not require dissection, but the disadvantage is that the cyst will increase again soon after aspiration, so repeated aspiration is needed. In the past, open abdomen was needed to perform liver cyst opening, but with the development of TV laparoscopic surgery, it is now applied to liver cyst opening, which has the advantages of safety, reliability, small trauma, satisfactory surgical effect, fast recovery and short hospital stay compared with traditional open surgery, and has become the preferred surgical method at present. Laparoscopic hepatic cyst windowing is suitable for cysts larger than 5 cm in diameter, marginal cysts and cysts located superficially in the liver (cysts within 1 cm from the liver surface), cysts not connected to the bile ducts, without complications such as acute infection and bleeding. Laparoscopy is not available for centrally located deep cysts, multiple diffuse cysts, and cysts that are difficult to access laparoscopically. General anesthesia is used to establish a carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum, and 3-4 holes of 5-10 cm in diameter are punctured in the upper abdomen to insert the laparoscope and the corresponding instruments, respectively. For cysts that are connected with bile ducts or complicated by infection or intracapsular bleeding, if the lesion is limited to one lobe of the liver, the cyst or liver lobe can be resected, and for cysts with thick walls, internal drainage can be performed, such as cystic jejunostomy Y-type anastomosis. For Mr. Li, this kind of multiple smaller liver cysts, the doctor suggested that he did not need surgery at present, generally regular ultrasound examination for six months or a year, and then consider surgery if the enlargement is obvious or the symptoms are aggravated. Mr. Li was relieved of his heart disease at once and did not feel any discomfort in his right upper abdomen thereafter.