With the advent of the minimally invasive era, more than 90% of urological diseases are entering lumpectomy. The rapid development of endoluminal technology has directly benefited patients with rapid recovery and significantly shorter hospital stays. In the short hospital stay, there is still a great lack of awareness of patients and their families about their diseases. Many patients and families generally believe that surgery is important in the treatment of diseases and try to ask doctors to operate as soon as they enter the hospital, but the follow-up treatment after surgery is often neglected. Many diseases in urology do not mean that when the surgery is over, the follow-up treatment is all over. Here I will talk about which related diseases need follow-up. 1, (renal pelvis, ureter, bladder) uroepithelial carcinoma: Nowadays, many laparoscopic techniques can enable minimally invasive solution of uroepithelial carcinoma of renal pelvis and ureter, but because of the special characteristics of such tumors, in addition to the routine follow-up according to the postoperative tumor, bladder perfusion treatment is needed for about 1-2 years after surgery to prevent the recurrence of bladder tumor; and cystoscopy needs to be reviewed every 3-6 months. 2. Ureteral stones: These diseases are the most common clinically. For ureteral stones that have been in place for a long time, it is usually necessary to extend the duration of the double “J” tube after surgery to prevent ureteral stricture. The main purpose of the follow-up visit is (1) to remove the double “J” tube in a timely manner according to the doctor’s prescription, and not to keep the double “J” tube in the body for a long time, otherwise the consequences will be quite serious; (2) to pay extra attention to the double “J” tube after its removal. “Many patients with combined ureteral stenosis often lose their kidneys inadvertently, resulting in an irreversible situation, which is quite unfortunate. 3, urethral stricture: Patients suffering from urethral stricture know that the painful experience of repeatedly not being able to urinate after removal of the catheter is unforgettable. From the inability to urinate at the time of admission to the smooth urination when the catheter is removed after discharge, the urine line is surprisingly thick, and one obviously feels the greatness of the doctor’s treatment. However, as time goes on, many people will overlook the importance of follow-up treatment for urethral dilatation. Because the scar is still unstable at this time, it is very easy for the stricture to recur. As long as you insist on regular follow-up and urethral dilatation, urethral stricture is not that scary anymore. 4. Endocrine therapy for prostate cancer: Many people are afraid of cancer. Because of the special nature of prostate cancer, endocrine therapy brings a lot of hope to prostate cancer patients. After all, it is a tumor and there must be progression. Changes in PSA on follow-up reviews often suggest adjustments in treatment. Following up and adjusting the treatment regimen on time means guaranteeing the effectiveness of ongoing treatment. The disease brings pain. But by facing it squarely, maintaining proper treatment, reasonable follow-up, and together with your doctor, the pain of the disease will be alleviated by its transience. How to carry out effective postoperative follow-up?: I think: (1) during hospitalization, you can increase the awareness of the disease by communicating more with the doctor under your care, or use search engines to find knowledge about the disease to improve the awareness of the disease; (2) improve the effective storage and protection of personal data; electronic data storage is easier to keep than paper data. (3) Follow the doctor’s orders strictly and visit the doctor on time; (4) Stay in constant contact with your doctor and constantly adjust the treatment plan according to the changes of the disease.