The World Health Organization has clearly stated that a couple of normal childbearing age who has had regular sex without contraception for more than 12 months without conceiving can be diagnosed as infertile. While fertility is a matter for both spouses, infertility is a special and complex disorder that often involves both men and women. In the past, some misconceptions often blamed women for the inability to have children, but with the continuous research on infertility, it was found that male factors caused 40% of infertility. The following is a brief introduction to the etiology, diagnosis and treatment of male infertility. A, the causes of male infertility: can be summarized into five categories: (a), sexual dysfunction: including impotence, premature ejaculation, ejaculation, ejaculation, etc., non-ejaculation. It accounts for about 32.4% of the causes of male infertility. I. Causes of male infertility: can be summarized into 5 categories: (a), sexual dysfunction: including impotence, premature ejaculation, seminal emission, ejaculation, etc., and ejaculation disorders. It accounts for about 32.4% of the causes of male infertility. (ii), abnormal semen quality: including oligospermia, azoospermia, lethal spermia, weak spermia, polyspermia, low semen volume and semen non-liquefaction. It accounts for about 15.4% of male infertility causes. (c), varicocele: male infertility caused by varicocele accounts for 12%. (d), immunological factors: refers to the presence of anti-sperm antibodies in the serum or seminal plasma of men, producing their own anti-sperm immune response, resulting in immune infertility. (e), reproductive tract infections, congenital anomalies, systemic diseases and unexplained causes of infertility. (b) Male infertility examination: (a), semen routine examination. This is the most basic and important clinical indicator to determine male fertility, the parameters of semen is the first thing that physicians need to know, patients should pay attention to: 3-5 days from the room to check; the best way to masturbate to get a specimen; to ensure that all the semen; 1-2 times in 2 weeks to recheck. (ii) Seminal plasma biochemical examination. Analysis of the chemical composition of seminal plasma helps to understand the function of the epididymis, prostate and seminal vesicle glands. If the patient has low semen volume, azoospermia, oligospermia, unexplained decreased sperm motility, congenital defects of the accessory gonads and diseases of the accessory gonads, the seminal plasma biochemical examination can be performed, commonly with fructose, carnosine, acid phosphatase, etc. (C), and male infertility-related microbiological examination. Male urinary and reproductive system infections often lead to male infertility, and male urinary and reproductive system infections related to pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, spirochetes, mycoplasma, chlamydia, etc., commonly gonococci, papillomavirus, adenosomes, Chlamydia trachomatis, etc. (d), endocrine examination related to men. Reproductive endocrine dysfunction affects male sexual and reproductive function and is an important cause of male infertility. Endocrine examination is mainly related to the determination of sex hormones T, FSH, LH, PRL, E2 and various excitation tests, such as HCG stimulation test, etc. (v) Genetic examination related to male infertility. Normal male related chromosomes and genes are the basis for maintaining normal reproductive function, and abnormal chromosomes and genes are responsible for abnormal sexual differentiation and/or impaired spermatogenesis, thus seriously affecting reproductive function. Therefore, it is of great importance to do chromosome and gene examination for existing sex differentiation abnormalities or other genetic defects in the body, azoospermia and severe oligospermia, family history of genetic diseases, habitual abortion couples, such as AZF, etc. (F), prostate fluid examination. Prostatitis can lead to male infertility. Prostate fluid examination can provide the basis for the diagnosis of prostatitis. Because of this, it is impossible to cure male infertility of different causes with one specific drug or method. We use individualized programs for different diseases and treat them according to the evidence. Vas deferens segmental obstruction and varicocele – solution: surgical treatment Low sperm quality – solution: combined Chinese and Western medicine gonadal axis adjustment therapy Mycoplasma, Chlamydia infection – solution: antibiotic treatment –solution: antibiotic treatment Anti-sperm antibody positive –solution: immunosuppressive therapy Sexual dysfunction –solution: combination of Chinese and Western medicine and psychological counseling Male infertility due to prostatitis –The solution: active medication for prostatitis In summary, male infertility is a relatively complex disorder that afflicts nearly half of all infertile families, with a variety of causes and complicated treatment, so it is especially important to choose a regular hospital specialist. The first hospital of Anhui Medical University is the leading hospital in Anhui Province, the Department of Urology is a national key department, the male science team represented by director Zhang Xian Sheng has a very high in male infertility treatment and scientific research, we hope to bring the gospel of life to more infertile families.