What is meant by osteoporosis? Osteoporosis was introduced by Pornmer in 1885, but people’s understanding of osteoporosis has gradually deepened with the development of history and technological advances. In the early years, it was generally considered that a decrease in bone mass throughout the body was osteoporosis, while in the United States, fractures in the elderly were considered osteoporosis. It was not until the 3rd International Symposium on Osteoporosis held in Denmark in 1990 and the 4th International Symposium on Osteoporosis held in Hong Kong in 1993 that osteoporosis was given a clear definition and recognized worldwide: osteoporosis is a disorder of bone metabolism characterized by reduced bone mass, destruction of the microstructure of bone tissue and increased risk of fracture. After the age of thirty-five, the body begins to age; bone mass begins to decrease, especially in the case of branchial bone, because more calcium is removed from the bone than is accumulated during the process of bone reconstruction. Above the age of 35, the rate of bone dissolution gradually exceeds the rate of bone synthesis, and as the quality and quantity of bone decreases with age, osteoporosis is formed when the loss is too rapid. Why are women more likely to suffer from osteoporosis? Women have less bone structure and bone mass than men, pregnancy and childbirth use a lot of calcium and other nutrients, men are more active than women, and estrogen production stops after menopause. The role of estrogen: taking estrogen during or within five years after menopause can effectively prevent osteoporosis and slow down the rate of calcium loss in the bones. However, it cannot replace the calcium already lost. Osteoporosis affects about a quarter of women over the age of sixty-five. One-third of older women suffer from vertebral fractures. Eight percent of women will suffer a femoral fracture in old age. Secondary causes of osteoporosis: gastric/small bowel resection, bilateral oophorectomy, thyroid lesions, hyperparathyroidism, liver disease/kidney disease, absence of menstruation/menopause, inadequate vitamin D intake, cancer chemotherapy, heavy metal toxicity. Medications that cause osteoporosis include: stomach medications (containing aluminum acidifiers), diuretics, corticosteroids, painkillers, anticoagulants, and thyroid agents. Risk factors for osteoporosis: women (six to eight times more likely than men), early onset of menopause (before age 45), racial differences (Oriental, white, Caucasian), small/underweight people, insufficient calcium intake in the diet, high protein diet/high salt diet, prolonged bed rest or lack of exercise, smoking or excessive consumption of coffee, tea, alcohol. Prevention is better than cure. The most important principles to prevent and treat osteoporosis are to store the maximum amount of bone at a young age, to use foods high in calcium, and to have regular bone density checks. The most important principles for prevention and treatment are to store the maximum amount of bone when you are young, to use foods high in calcium, to have regular bone density checkups, to have a normal diet, to exercise moderately, to avoid risk factors, and to get enough calcium daily. What are the main methods for treating senile osteoporosis? 1.Diet therapy: The key to diet therapy is to arrange the diet structure reasonably. Older people should eat more foods rich in calcium, phosphorus, vitamins and protein to make up for the lack of substances related to bone metabolism in the body. Dietary treatment is valuable in the long-term, reasonable regulation of diet and persistent, a short period of overeating is not only unhelpful, but also harmful to the body. 2, drug treatment: for the abnormalities of metabolism in the body of elderly osteoporosis, drugs can be used to adjust. For example, in the case of senile osteoporosis, there is a loss of bone calcium and certain vitamin deficiencies, so you can take a certain amount of calcium and vitamin preparations to supplement the deficiency in the body. 3, hormone therapy: strictly speaking, hormone therapy also belongs to drug therapy, but has its own special characteristics. The hormones used in the treatment of senile osteoporosis are different from the commonly used steroids, but sex hormones (such as androgens and estrogens). Sex hormones can stimulate the formation of bone scutum and reduce bone decomposition to achieve the purpose of treating osteoporosis. For women with osteoporosis after menopause, the treatment of sex hormones is more important and effective. 4.Sports therapy: sports therapy is referred to as physical therapy, which is to regulate the metabolic state of the whole body through sports activities, improve the blood circulation of bone sc, and increase the stimulation of external force on the bone path, so as to relieve osteoporosis. 5.Physical therapy: physical therapy is referred to as physiotherapy, which is the action of modern physical therapy instruments such as electricity, light and sound on the human body and the bone path to promote the synthesis of the bone path. Mainly including ultrasound, ultra-short wave, magnetic therapy, heat therapy, etc. 6.Psychotherapy: Psychotherapy has long been underappreciated. In recent years, people are increasingly aware that the severity of symptoms of various diseases (including osteoporosis) is closely related to a person’s psychological state. Those with broad-minded, happy and open-minded character tend to have lighter symptoms and better treatment effect; those with narrow-minded, eccentric and depressed character often have heavier symptoms and poorer treatment effect. Therefore, the adjustment of psychological state is increasingly important.