I. Overview The result of economic development and social progress is that people are living longer, but the accompanying degenerative age-related diseases, osteoporosis, are silently eating away at the bones of the elderly, with serious consequences such as fractures and disability and death due to post-fracture complications. Therefore, osteoporosis and heart disease. High blood pressure disease. Like heart disease, hypertension, diabetes and other chronic diseases, osteoporosis is a global human health problem that endangers the health and quality of life of the elderly population. Because of the wide range of people suffering from the disease, and the early symptoms are hidden, so it is called a silent epidemic. 1/3 of the elderly aged 60-70 or above suffer from osteoporosis, and more than 50% of the elderly aged 80 or above have the disease. Definition The World Health Organization recommends that a systemic bone disease characterized by low bone mass and destruction of bone microstructure, resulting in increased brittleness of bone and susceptibility to fracture, is called osteoporosis. It can occur at any age, mostly in women and older men within 5-10 years after menopause. Risk factors The risk factors of osteoporosis include the following. Old age, female menopause, maternal family history, low body weight, low sex hormones, excessive smoking and alcohol, coffee and carbonated beverages. Inadequate physical activity, impaired calcium intake from food, low light exposure, diseases affecting bone metabolism (hyperthyroidism, rheumatoid, renal insufficiency, gastrointestinal insufficiency, diabetes, etc.) and medications (hormones, heparin, diuretics, etc.). Symptoms Pain, spinal deformation and brittle fracture are the typical manifestations of osteoporosis. However, most patients are asymptomatic in the early stage, and the original osteoporotic changes are found only after the fracture occurs. V. Diagnosis Fragility fractures (fractures occurring after mild trauma or daily activities) can be diagnosed clinically after the age of 50. Prevention Prevention is more realistic and important than treatment to slow down bone loss and reduce the occurrence of osteoporotic fractures. For example, lifestyle modification, a balanced diet rich in calcium, low in salt and moderate in protein, appropriate outdoor activities, and exercise to promote bone health. Appropriate application of basic bone health supplements. The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends a daily intake of 800mg of elemental calcium for adults, which is the appropriate dose for maintaining bone health. Vitamin D facilitates the absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract. Drug therapy: including anti-bone resorption drugs, drugs to promote bone formation and others.