The principle of western medical treatment for upper urinary tract stones is to relieve the symptoms, remove the stones and prevent recurrence under the premise of protecting kidney function. In traditional Chinese medicine, urolithiasis is called “stone shower”, and diuretic and laxative treatment was the main rule of treatment for this disease. However, for larger stones that have been retained in the upper urinary tract for a long time, especially when inflammatory adhesions or even full ureteral inflammation or peripheral inflammation occur, accompanied by different degrees of obstruction and fluid accumulation, it is often difficult to discharge the stones simply by the diuretic method of Chinese medicine; if the diuretic is strengthened, it will also aggravate the hydronephrosis and endanger the kidney function. Combined with the phenomenon of mucosal hyperplasia, edema and even fibrosis around the stone observed in the procedure of stone extraction in Western medicine, it is believed that it belongs to blood stasis from the microscopic diagnosis of Chinese medicine, and the principle of “removing blood stasis and softening hardness” has been established to treat the stone, which effectively protects the kidney function and increases the rate of stone removal. With the continuous development of minimally invasive surgical instruments, minimally invasive surgery has become the main treatment for upper urinary tract stones, but Chinese medicine has a positive effect on the discharge of residual stones and the repair of damaged urinary tract mucosa after surgery, and also has its advantages in reducing hydronephrosis and preventing kidney damage.