Enuresis is a folk term for bedwetting, and the incidence of enuresis is very high among children. It is mainly referred to as enuresis when children over 5 years of age urinate unconsciously at night >2 times a week for more than 3 months. In a small number of cases, the symptoms may persist into adulthood. Enuresis is divided into primary enuresis and secondary enuresis. Primary enuresis is defined as enuresis without obvious neurological or urinary system pathology. The causes of primary enuresis include delayed cortical development and deeper sleep. Secondary enuresis is mainly due to congenital spina bifida and neurogenic bladder, etc. In addition to nocturnal enuresis, secondary enuresis may be accompanied by daytime difficulty in urination, frequent urination and other related voiding symptoms. Most cases of enuresis are genetically predisposed, and the parents and brothers of the patient often have the same enuresis. Treatment of enuresis begins with clarifying whether the enuresis is primary or secondary, and depending on the cause, choosing the appropriate treatment. Most children with primary enuresis will heal on their own by adulthood, and behavioral therapy and medication are equally effective in treatment. In summary, the main causes of enuresis include developmental delays and neurological lesions. Primary enuresis often resolves spontaneously but should still be treated with active behavioral therapy.