Infantile diarrhea, also known as infantile dyspepsia, is a syndrome of acute gastrointestinal dysfunction in infancy and early childhood, with diarrhea and vomiting as the main causes. It has the highest incidence in summer and autumn. The disease can be treated properly with good results, but if left untreated to the point of serious water-electrolyte disorders can endanger the life of the child.
Causes.
1.Physical factors
(1) The gastrointestinal tract of infants is not mature enough, the activity of enzymes is low, but the nutritional needs are relatively more, and the gastrointestinal tract is heavy.
(2) The development of neurological, endocrine, circulatory system, liver and kidney functions are immature during infancy, and the regulation function is poor.
2.Infection factors
(1) Infection in the gastrointestinal tract
(2) Infection outside the gastrointestinal tract
(3) Intestinal flora disorders caused by the abuse of antibiotics
3.Disorders of digestive function
(1) Dietary factors
(2) Intolerance to carbohydrates
(3) Food allergy
(4) Drug effects
(5) Other factors: such as unclean environment, too little outdoor activity, sudden change of life pattern, sudden change of external climate (called “wind, cold, summer, wet diarrhea” in Chinese medicine), etc., also easily cause diarrhea in infants.
Treatment plan
1, to adjust the child’s diet to reduce the burden on the gastrointestinal tract some parents do everything possible to feed their children chocolate, milk, eggs and other high-fat, high-protein food, trying to make up for the loss caused by the child’s diarrhea, not knowing that this will, on the contrary, increase the burden on the stomach and intestines, so that the diarrhea does not heal for a long time. At this time, it is advisable to give the child some easily digestible food, such as rice soup, sugar and salt water, or even temporary prohibition of food, so that the gastrointestinal function can be restored to speed up the healing of the disease.
2, pay attention to the child’s abdomen to keep warm children’s abdomen easily cold, and children with diarrhea, intestinal peristalsis has increased, such as the abdomen and then cold intestinal peristalsis faster, thereby aggravating the disease.
3, we should pay attention to protect the buttocks of the sick child, because the number of bowel movements increases, the skin and mucous membrane around the anus must have different degrees of damage, parents should pay special attention to the anal area in the care. You should wipe the area lightly with soft toilet paper or wash it lightly with a soft gauze dipped in water, and apply some greasy ointment after washing to prevent red buttocks, and change the diaper in time to avoid rubbing the diaper impregnated with feces and urine against the skin. Wash and disinfect used stools and diapers as well as contaminated clothes and bed sheets in a timely manner to avoid repeated infections or infections to other people.
Dietary principles
1, eating too much to reduce the amount of diet, so that the baby’s stomach and intestines can rest. Babies who eat formula can temporarily reduce the amount of milk per meal and dilute it with rice soup. Babies who have added complementary foods should suspend them and add them gradually after the diarrhea has stopped. Breastfed babies, do not stop breastfeeding and replace it with other foods, but the mother should drink a large bowl of warm boiled water before breastfeeding the baby.
2, long-term nutritional deficiencies or imbalances to these babies must be patient and meticulous conditioning. These babies have formed chronic malnutrition (commonly known as milk consumption), because of poor gastrointestinal digestive function, if nutritious food added too quickly, in turn can cause more times diarrhea.
3, pathogenic E. coli diarrhea such as not serious, only need to strictly disinfect all food, utensils. Pay attention to oral rehydration, reduce the amount of milk, and suspend complementary foods. Babies with high fever or massive watery diarrhea should be seen in hospital.
4, rotavirus diarrhea, this diarrhea has self-limiting, about 7 to 10 days self-healing. The onset of the disease must reduce the diet and hydration, oral fluid therapy is the most convenient and effective, to a small number of times is good.