Pneumoconiosis is a systemic disease caused by long-term inhalation of productive dust in the mining, metal smelting, machinery casting, and construction industries, resulting in diffuse fibrosis of the lung tissue. After inhaling a large amount of harmful dust, the lung tissue can undergo a diffuse fibrotic change, just like the skin “scarring”, which can cause damage to lung function, and the disease progresses year by year, causing the patient to lose the ability to work, resistance to decline and easily combined with tuberculosis, lung infection, lung tumors, emphysema, pulmonary alveoli, pneumothorax and other complications. Pneumothorax and other complications can eventually lead to life-threatening heart and lung failure. Pneumoconiosis is divided into one, two and three stages according to the degree of lesions. After the formation of pneumoconiosis lesions, the residual dust in the lungs continues to act with alveolar macrophages, which is the main reason why pneumoconiosis patients continue to develop their lesions even though they are free from dust work. Patients in the early stage are often asymptomatic and may be susceptible to colds, and are only found to have pneumoconiosis through physical examinations; in the middle to late stage, patients will have mild to severe conscious symptoms, mainly chest tightness and shortness of breath, which is obvious when climbing stairs and slopes; coughing, coughing, chest pain, weakness, poor resistance to colds, leading to fever and lung infections; in the late stage of the disease, symptoms such as inability to lie down, severe respiratory distress, and inability to walk will require year-round injections In the advanced stage of the disease, the patient is unable to lie down, has severe respiratory distress, and cannot walk. At present, large volume whole lung lavage is the most effective treatment for pneumoconiosis, which is a treatment for the dust inhaled by pneumoconiosis patients and the macrophage alveolitis caused by dust. This improves symptoms, protects lung function from further damage, stops or delays the progression of the disease, improves resistance, and improves the patient’s quality of life. Pulmonary lavage is both a symptomatic and etiologic therapy, and it can prevent the development of pneumoconiosis in patients with a history of receiving dust and early pneumoconiosis, thus playing a secondary prevention role.