Primary liver cancer after surgical treatment needs to be decided according to the actual condition of individual patients. Commonly used drugs include ursodeoxycholic acid, hepatocyte growth promoter, reduced glutathione and so on. After surgery for primary liver cancer, patients can use liver-protecting drugs under doctor’s instruction, such as ursodeoxycholic acid, hepatocyte growth stimulating hormone, reduced glutathione, etc.; intravenous injection of albumin can be used to replenish plasma albumin; most of the patients with hepatocellular carcinoma may also contain hepatitis B virus infection and can be treated with antiviral therapy, such as entecavir, etc. If patients are physically fit, they can be treated with antiviral therapy, which can be used to treat hepatitis B virus. Interventional therapy can also be carried out to detect residual or recurrent lesions at an early stage if the patient’s physical condition permits. In addition, targeted therapy such as sorafenib and lenvatinib can be taken. In daily life, the diet should be high in protein and vitamins, such as fresh fruits and vegetables, lean meat and eggs. Avoid intake of spicy and stimulating foods, such as fried chicken and chili peppers. Regular review should be conducted after primary liver cancer surgery, and the treatment program should be adjusted in time if any abnormality is found.