Rheumatic heart valve disease is a heart disease caused by valve damage due to rheumatic inflammatory process, mainly manifested as heart valve stenosis and (or) closure insufficiency, usually take medication, surgical treatment, etc., please follow the doctor’s instructions. 1. Etiology: rheumatic heart valve disease is caused by rheumatic fever inflammation involving the heart. Rheumatic fever is a kind of acute or chronic systemic connective tissue inflammation recurring after infection with group A β-hemolytic streptococcus in the throat, which is related to abnormal immune response secondary to streptococcal infection. Inflammatory exudation and adhesion of the heart valve and its base, this exudate, if completely absorbed, will not leave permanent adhesions, but if rheumatism repeated activities, the exudate is not easy to absorb and the formation of redundant organisms, so that valve fibrosis and adhesion, the formation of valve stenosis and closure of the incomplete. 2. Symptoms: The main manifestation is heart valve stenosis and/or insufficiency of closure, which can be characterized by dyspnea, palpitation, shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, and so on. 3.Treatment: (1) Generally apply antibiotics such as procaine penicillin, benzathine, benzylpenicillin, etc.; those with pericarditis, carditis and acute heart failure can be injected intravenously with dexamethasone, and then switched to oral glucocorticoid therapy such as prednisone when the condition improves; if there is dyspnea caused by pulmonary stasis, diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide can be used intermittently. (2) For those who cannot be controlled by active medical treatment, surgical treatment should be performed as early as possible, such as heart valve repair, arteriotomy and thrombectomy. After the diagnosis of rheumatic heart valve disease, you need to follow the doctor’s instructions to standardize the treatment, do not blindly self-medication.