At present, the main treatment method for cervical cancer is surgery. Surgery is suitable for patients with early stage cervical cancer, and if the tumor does not invade the parametrial tissues and has no distant metastasis, surgery and postoperative adjuvant treatment can cure most cervical cancers. However, many patients with cervical cancer have local and regional spread of tumor at the time of diagnosis and lose the opportunity of surgical treatment, so radiation therapy has become the standard treatment routine and is widely used in clinical practice. Radiation therapy is one of the main treatment methods for cervical cancer and can be performed for all stages of the disease, but it has some limitations. For some early stage patients and young patients, such as premenopausal women, the ovarian function will be damaged after radiation therapy, and these patients will have certain complications after receiving radiation therapy. Cervical cancer radiation therapy is a three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy plan based on CT positioning, which achieves high precision, high dose and high efficacy irradiation to the tumor, while the normal tissues and organs around the tumor are optimally protected. Thus, 3D conformal radiotherapy has gradually matured, and the emergence of intensity-modulated radiotherapy is considered a major breakthrough in tumor radiotherapy technology. Intracavitary Radiation Therapy Intracavitary radium therapy has opened up a new era in cervical cancer treatment, but the problem of staff exposure has not been solved for a long time. Since the 1960s, intracavitary reloading technology has solved the problem of staff protection. The postloading treatment has evolved from manual postloading to mechanical control to today’s computer-controlled, multifunctional postloading machines with treatment planning systems. These multifunctional afterloaders are now widely used in radiotherapy for cervical cancer. Traditional intracavitary therapy is applied with low dose rate intracavitary therapy, which has accumulated more experience due to longer application time. Along with the emergence of afterloading technology, high-dose rate intracavitary therapy began to be applied in radiotherapy of cervical cancer. The short duration of high-dose rate treatment facilitates patients and increases the number of patients treated Extracorporeal irradiation technique Extracorporeal irradiation for cervical cancer can make up for the shortage of intracavitary treatment by increasing the dose to the parametrial infiltrative and lymphatic metastatic areas beyond the A site. Over the past century, external irradiation treatment machines have gone through three stages, from conventional X-ray treatment machines to 60 cobalt treatment machines to the current application of multiple gas pedals. The continuous increase in energy has increased the deep dose and decreased the skin dose, improving the efficacy and reducing side effects. Preoperative irradiation Preoperative radiotherapy has received attention in recent years, mainly because of the poor efficacy of surgery alone in some diseases with poor prognostic factors such as stage Ib2 cases with large local tumors. Preoperative intracavitary radiotherapy has been found to improve local conditions, reduce tumor size, and improve surgical resection rates. Because of the many complications associated with radical pelvic radiotherapy followed by extensive hysterectomy and pelvic lymphatic dissection, in most units, preoperative radiotherapy is generally given only intratumorally. Postoperative irradiation For some cases with poor prognostic factors such as pelvic or para-aortic lymphatic metastasis or tumor thrombus in blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, and cases with unclear or suspected unclear cut margins, postoperative radiotherapy can be considered as an adjunct. Most of the postoperative radiotherapy is based on external irradiation, while intracavitary treatment is given to those with cancer in the vaginal stump. It should be noted that the occurrence and severity of postoperative radiation complications are related to the extensiveness of the surgery, the area of the radiation field and the dose.