Surgery is a combination of medical theory and surgical skill, one without the other. As we enter the 21st century, basic medicine and modern technology have made tremendous progress, and the support structure of clinical surgery has undergone revolutionary changes. The ancient anatomy has become more and more refined, and the description of human organs and tissues has entered the millimeter and sub-millimeter level, and the research on the pathophysiological changes of various diseases has become more and more in-depth, and advances in materials, technology, and computer aids have improved various surgical instruments and procedures. The advancement of material, technology, computer-aided and other fields has improved various surgical instruments and procedures. “delicate” and “painless” surgery. And “delicate” clinical treatment is the basis of “precise” and “painless” surgery. Exquisite, delicate and meticulous is the word. Surgery relies on solid theories, but also requires meticulous clinical and surgical operations to translate theories into clinical practice and ultimately benefit patients. As early as 2006, Prof. Jiahong Dong first proposed a new concept of liver surgery with the core concept of maximizing target lesion removal, maximizing organ function protection and minimizing trauma invasion – precision hepatectomy. Through accurate decision making and precise interventions to achieve the best balance of the three surgical elements of lesion removal, organ protection and damage control, the multi-objective optimization of efficient, safe and minimally invasive surgical treatment is achieved, ultimately maximizing patient benefits. Intuitive surgery, as originally expressed by the science of surgery, was initially performed by barbers and their basic tool, the razor. Until the establishment of anesthesia method, sterilization method and blood transfusion method, which laid the foundation of modern surgery and provided the basic guarantee of surgical safety, the accumulation of clinical experience and the progress of basic medicine since the beginning of the 20th century prompted the development of surgery to the goal of intervening in the pathological process of disease and restoring the physiological function of the human body, and the theoretical and technical system of traditional surgery gradually took shape in clinical practice. The specialized development of surgery has accelerated the accumulation of experience, and the ability and level of surgical interventions have increased significantly. By the 1990s, the rise of minimally invasive surgery, represented by laparoscopic techniques, opened up a new field of surgery, and more and more open surgery could be replaced by endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery. Since this particular technique objectively requires a bloodless and minimally invasive approach, its magnifying effect and modus operandi are mutually reinforcing with modern “delicate” surgery, greatly contributing to the development of the latter and benefiting a large number of clinical patients.