Primary liver cancer, referred to as hepatocellular carcinoma, is a common malignant tumor in China. It ranks third in malignant tumors in men and fourth in malignant tumors in women. Pathologically, it can be divided into hepatocellular hepatocellular carcinoma (90%), cholangiocellular hepatocellular carcinoma and mixed type of both. Clinically, the tumors are classified into giant, nodular and diffuse types according to their morphology. Early symptoms of hepatocellular carcinoma are not obvious, so it is difficult to diagnose and easy to misdiagnose. When symptoms appear, most of them are in the middle or late stage. The cause of primary liver cancer is still not completely clear, but it is believed to be related to viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, aflatoxin, soil and water environmental factors and certain chemical carcinogens. The southeast coastal region of China is one of the high incidence areas of liver cancer. Recently, the incidence rate has increased significantly in areas with serious environmental pollution. The disease mostly occurs in middle and strong-aged men, and the male to female ratio can be as high as 3-8:1, and the incidence rate is highest between 40-49 years old, which may be related to the fact that viral hepatitis and liver sclerosis are mostly seen in middle and strong-aged men. In the past, there was a negative attitude towards the treatment of liver cancer, but in the past 10 years, research on the diagnosis and treatment of liver cancer has made great progress, and many patients can survive for a long time after a comprehensive treatment mainly by surgery. The treatment with Chinese medicine alone often delays the disease and has poor efficacy. Symptoms and manifestations: 1. Early symptoms are not obvious, or only loss of appetite, poor appetite, weakness and weight loss; 2. In middle and late stages, liver pain with involvement of right shoulder pain and liver mass; 3. Ascites, obvious emaciation and jaundice may appear in late stage. 4. Percussion pain in liver area and liver enlargement. Diagnosis basis: 1. Poor appetite, weakness, weight loss; 2. Persistent pain in liver area or progressive hepatomegaly; 3. Palpable mass in liver; 4. Positive AFP (>500u); 5. CT shows hepatic occupying lesion; 6. Ultrasound shows hepatic occupying lesion, simple ultrasound examination only has reference value, with more false negative and false positive results. Treatment principles 1. Lobectomy of the liver. Preoperative chemotherapy, intraoperative indwelling drug pump chemotherapy. 2.Radiation interventional therapy. Applicable to preoperative, postoperative, patients who cannot be resected in one stage or advanced stage of cancer cannot be surgically removed. Preoperative interventional embolization can improve the efficacy, and intensive interventional chemotherapy has the best efficacy. 3.For intermediate or advanced hepatocellular carcinoma that cannot be resected, it is feasible to: hepatic artery cannulation chemotherapy; ligation of the intrinsic hepatic artery or left (right) hepatic artery; interventional therapy; hepatic artery ligation plus umbilical vein cannulation chemotherapy; -196℃ liquid nitrogen freezing or radium vaporization therapy; microwave coagulation therapy; anti-fetoprotein monoclonal body-loaded chemotherapeutic drug-directed therapy; injection of anhydrous alcohol into the swelling and other methods for treatment. Among them, interventional radio-perfusion embolization chemotherapy has the best effect. 4.For ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma with bleeding, ligation of the intrinsic hepatic artery or iodine spun gauze tamponade is feasible, and lobectomy of the liver is feasible when the situation permits. 5.While applying other treatments, Chinese herbal medicine can be used as an adjunct. Especially in the interval between chemotherapy and radiotherapy, the use of Chinese herbal medicine can obviously reduce the side effects. The main types of herbs are: liver qi stagnation, liver and gallbladder damp heat, liver and kidney yin deficiency, liver blood deficiency, liver blood stasis, etc. In the advanced stage of liver cancer, serious complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding, jaundice, massive ascites (swelling) and liver coma often occur. At this time, herbal medicine should be used with great care. It cannot be treated according to the general evidence. For example, blood stasis type should be used with caution, and blood stasis activators should be used or not. In the case of massive ascites and high jaundice, there are many strict requirements for the selection of laxative and diuretic or anti-yellowness drugs, which also cannot be treated according to the general evidence. It is worth mentioning that some TCM practitioners use Chinese herbal medicine as the main treatment and refuse other treatments. If you follow these wrong instructions, you will often delay the disease. TCM physicians specializing in oncology in secondary and tertiary hospitals generally have higher professional knowledge, and it is safer, more reliable and effective to take Chinese herbal medicine under their guidance. Treatment procedures for advanced liver cancer: low-dose intraperitoneal chemotherapy —->interventional radioembolization and perfusion chemotherapy —->gamma knife treatment —->interventional radioembolization and perfusion chemotherapy —–>surgery Prognosis: If treated properly, the disease of a considerable number of patients with advanced stage and considered “incurable” can be in remission, and some of them can even be in remission for 3~5 years. 3 to 5 years. In general, patients with jaundiced ascites should not give up lightly. Prevention: Prevention should be the main focus, animal experiments have proved that aflatoxin can induce liver cancer, and aflatoxin is highest in moldy peanuts and corn, therefore, do not eat moldy peanuts and corn. It is clinically proven that there is a close relationship between hepatitis-cirrhosis-hepatocellular carcinoma, therefore, patients with toxic hepatitis should be treated correctly and timely to prevent the transformation into cirrhosis, and non-carriers of hepatitis B virus should be vaccinated against hepatitis B. To prevent the occurrence of alcoholic cirrhosis, alcohol should not be consumed in excess. Patients with right upper abdominal discomfort, pain or mass should go to hospital for examination as soon as possible, and should be treated as soon as possible once the diagnosis is confirmed. Comprehensive treatment based on surgery can significantly prolong the life span of patients. The efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma depends on early detection and early treatment. At present, the 5-year survival rate of small hepatocellular carcinoma surgical treatment reaches about 70%, so patients should not lose confidence and go to hospital for treatment as soon as possible once the disease is diagnosed. Notes: 1. Negative B-ultrasound cannot exclude hepatocellular carcinoma, and some hepatic occupying lesions are difficult to be detected by B-ultrasound alone; 2. Interventional radiotherapy can be applied preoperatively, intraoperatively and postoperatively. It can significantly improve the efficacy; 3. The drug selection of interventional perfusion embolization cannot be simplified. Chemotherapy, embolization program selection has a great impact on the efficacy; 4, preoperative comprehensive assessment of patients, surgery for cases not suitable for surgery, can delay the disease and accelerate death.