As the saying goes, “Spring is a child’s face, crying and laughing, changing at will.” Rain and shine, hot and cold temperature difference, as low as 4-6 ℃ below, as high as 23 ℃ above. If not adapted or not careful, children are prone to the following common spring diseases. First, due to climate change, caused by “cold”. The so-called medical clinic: upper respiratory tract infection (upper sense). Can violate the nose, nasopharynx and pharynx, usually diagnosed as acute nasopharyngitis, acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, etc. collectively referred to as acute upper respiratory tract infection. A variety of bacteria and viruses can cause upper respiratory tract infections, with viruses being particularly common, and viral infections can also be combined with bacterial infections. The severity of this disease varies greatly, usually older children are less severe, infants and young children are more severe. Mild: fever, nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, sore throat, can last 2-3 days. In severe cases, the disease can start suddenly – high fever, runny nose, cough, general malaise, sometimes accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea. If the inflammation is strong, it can cause sinusitis, submandibular lymphadenitis, and serious systemic symptoms. Treatment: 1, general treatment: adequate rest, drink plenty of water, pay attention to isolation to prevent complications (heart, brain and kidney, etc.). 2, Chinese herbs are definitely effective. It can be divided into wind-cold and wind-heat. Yin Qiao detoxification tablets, mulberry and chrysanthemum cold tablets, cold and fever punch, Banlangen and so on. 3, antibiotics can not be abused, combined with bacterial infections, such as otitis media, lymphadenitis, purulent tonsillitis or paranasal sinusitis to use. Second, acute bronchitis, bronchitis Usually secondary to the upper sense, the pathogen is mostly a combined infection: bacteria + virus. Cough with sputum. Examination: the lungs have sounds of dry and wet woven grass General treatment: bed rest, pay attention to diet and indoor temperature and humidity. Chinese medicine: divided into wind-cold and wind-heat: apricot-susan Sangju Drink For solid heat asthma: Ma Xing Shi Gan Tang Antibiotics: yellow sputum, mostly bacterial infection must be used. Time to drag too long, 2 to 3 weeks, available ultrashort wave physical therapy. Third, the lower respiratory tract infection mainly refers to pneumonia (CAP) There are mainly four kinds of pathogens: streptococcus, hemophilic influenza bacillus, Catamorpha, mycoplasma. 1, streptococcal pneumonia: mostly secondary to measles, influenza or viral infections. Young children are prone to it, i.e. bronchopneumonia, with a long duration of illness, such as pleurisy when combined with pleurisy, the pleural fluid is bloody. 2.Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia: slow onset. Performance for spasmodic cough, rather like whooping cough, heavy systemic toxicity, small infants can be combined with septic pericarditis, sepsis and so on. 3, the latter two pathogens are mostly pneumonia in older children. But in recent years, mycoplasma pneumonia has a tendency to favor the younger age. Available sympathomycin, erythromycin, azithromycin and so on. Infectious diseases chickenpox recently in the nursery, kindergarten, elementary school has increased trend. Chickenpox is an acute rash infectious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus, more in winter and spring. Children can develop the disease at any age, but it is more common in preschool (1 to 4 years old). Spots, blood, herpes and scabs appear on the day of fever or on the second day. In Chinese medicine, it is called “water sores” and “water flowers”. Chickenpox and herpes zoster have the same pathogens, with chickenpox occurring in the first infection and herpes zoster occurring in the second infection. Chickenpox can also occur when a susceptible child is in contact with a patient with shingles. It should be emphasized that if the mother suffers from chickenpox 4 days before delivery, the newborn is susceptible to disseminated chickenpox, and the condition is very dangerous. Talk about how to diagnose chickenpox: ① contact with a child with chickenpox or a patient with herpes zoster; ② fever, most of which is below 39 degrees; ③ rash appears on the day of fever or 1 day later. Rash features centripetal, trunk, scalp, buttocks are common, limbs are rare, and waist and buttocks are particularly dense. Papules turn oval, superficial, with a film surrounded by “dewdrop-shaped” herpes, varying in size → dry crusts; 1 ~ 3 weeks to fall off, leaving no scar. Two to three successive batches, up to five batches have been seen. The simultaneous appearance of different forms is called “four generations of the same house”. These are the distinctive features of chickenpox rash, clear, easy to identify with other rash diseases. Treatment: 1. Symptomatic treatment: ①Isolate until all rashes are crusted. ② Rest for fever, use antipyretic for high fever. ③ Eat light, easy to digest. ④ Pay attention to skin cleaning, change underwear frequently. It is not advisable to take a bath to prevent scratching the skin. 2, antiviral drugs: non-heavy can not use antiviral drugs. Those with immunodeficiency or immunosuppressants, such as hematologic and renal diseases, can use these drugs. Such as acyclovir, ganciclovir, interferon and so on. Second-line adenosine can also be used. 3.Immunization agents: live measles vaccine, varicella zoster immunoglobulin 4.At present, there are live attenuated varicella vaccines: imported or domestic. 5.Daily medication