Fundus arteriosclerosis is the diffuse hardening and thinning of the small arteries of the retina. The ophthalmologist can observe the small arteries in the retina through the fundoscope, which is the only artery in the body that can be directly observed by the doctor, and it reflects to some extent the condition of arteries throughout the body, especially the condition of senile atherosclerosis and small arteriosclerosis. The manifestations of atherosclerosis in the fundus are: diffuse thinning of the small arteries, increased arterial reflection, disproportionate arteriovenous ratios, pressure marks at the arteriovenous crossings, and even exudation and a small amount of hemorrhage in the posterior pole. If atherosclerosis of the fundus is found, further relevant examinations should be done to understand the condition of atherosclerosis in other parts of the body, such as atherosclerosis of large cardiovascular arteries. Therefore, it is necessary for the elderly and patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes to have regular fundus examinations. There is no special treatment for mild atherosclerosis. If you have hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, etc., you should actively treat the underlying disease, and at the same time, you should maintain a good mood, eat more vegetables and fruits, quit smoking and drinking, and exercise in moderation to slow down the development of fundus arteriosclerosis. For severe arteriosclerosis, we should look for the cause, target treatment, assist blood-activating drugs and follow up closely. In conclusion, fundus arteriosclerosis is a manifestation of retinal arteriosclerosis, which is the hardening of small arteries in the whole body on the retina.