For eye trauma, the correct first aid can protect the window of our soul, while the wrong first aid will only aggravate the injury, delay the condition, and even lead to blindness, resulting in lifelong disability. In life, people are very careful to protect their precious eyes from injury. However, when an accident occurs, due to the lack of knowledge of first aid for eye trauma, there are many people who are either at a loss for words or “smart” to take improper measures. It is important to know that the correct first aid measures can protect the window of our soul, while the wrong first aid methods will only aggravate the injury, delay the condition, or even lead to blindness, resulting in lifelong regrets. As you can see, recognizing the mistake and learning the right way are equally important. The structure of the eye In order to master first aid for eye injuries, you should first understand the structure of the eye. The outermost part covering the eyeball is called the eyelid, commonly known as the upper and lower eyelids. The eyeball consists of the wall of the eyeball and the contents of the eye. The wall of the eyeball is divided into three layers: the outermost part of the white eyeballs we see is called the sclera; the inner part of the black eyeballs, called the cornea; in the transparent cornea below, we can see in the middle layer of the brown iris, which is a perforated disc-shaped structure, the disk in the middle of the hole is the pupil; and the iris with the same layer of the naked eye can not be seen in the ciliary body and the choroid. The innermost layer of the eyeball wall is the retina. The contents of the eyeball are, in descending order, clear aqueous humor, lens and vitreous humor. First Aid Right and Wrong There are many causes of eye injuries, and the treatments are different. Meanwhile, some of the subconscious actions that people take after an eye injury are often wrong and can aggravate the condition. The following is a description of emergency treatment according to the cause of the injury from the positive and negative sides. Contusion fist, stone and ball strikes, falls, traffic accidents are common causes of eye contusion. Periorbital tissues are rich in blood vessel distribution, and the face is prone to subcutaneous hemorrhage and bruised lumps due to blunt blows. In addition, the transmission of blunt force in the eye and the wall of the globe can also cause multiple indirect injuries, resulting in intraocular hemorrhage, orbital fracture, corneal and scleral rupture, retinal detachment and so on. Common mistake: Apply a hot compress immediately. If it is a general eyelid bruise or hemorrhage, do not rub or apply hot compresses after the injury, so as not to aggravate the subcutaneous hematoma. Correct practice: eye contusion should be preceded by cold compresses, 3 to 4 times a day; bleeding stopped 48 hours after the start of hot compresses, 3 to 4 times a day, 15 minutes each time. Do not blow your nose if there is an emphysema in the corner of the bleeding eye. If you find bleeding in the affected eye, or if the pain is not relieved and the vision decreases after taking the above measures, you should go to the hospital in time for a comprehensive examination. Penetrating injuries are mostly caused by children setting off firecrackers, as well as direct puncture wounds from knives, scissors, slingshots and glass. It can cause tissue damage or even prolapse inside the eye. In particular, some corneal penetrating injuries caused by foreign objects will bring a large number of bacteria into the eye, and endophthalmitis, total ophthalmoplegia or even intracranial infection will occur, which is life-threatening. These types of injuries should be taken to the hospital immediately. As penetrating injuries often have ocular contents dislodged, at this time, it is easy to appear some first aid mistakes. Common mistakes: Returning the contents to the eye socket or flushing with water. Neither of these methods is feasible and will only aggravate the injury or cause infection. Correct approach: should be the appropriate size of the lid, after boiling water and other disinfection, cover the dislodged eye and bandage, quickly sent to the hospital emergency. At the same time, the injured person should try to avoid bumps and head down movement, to prevent the contents of the eye from further dislodging. Foreign body injuries are also very common. After a foreign body enters the eye, the injured eye has a foreign body sensation, pain, photophobia, tearing, vision loss, conjunctival congestion, and so on, and in serious cases, there may be corneal perforation.