Ocular trauma is the main cause of blindness in children. If we know more about the protection of children’s ocular trauma, it will certainly reduce the chance of children’s ocular trauma and ensure their healthy development physically and mentally. Children are a special group of people who are curious, active and imitative, but at the same time, they have poor control and self-protection awareness, and are easily victimized by trauma. Because of its fragile structure and partial exposure to the outside of the eye socket, eye trauma has the highest incidence of trauma among all organs of the body. Children’s eye trauma can cause vision loss and affect the development of binocular vision, or cause blindness, eye atrophy, strabismus, or removal of the eye, which not only loses the visual function, but also affects the appearance. Therefore, eye trauma will not only cause physical trauma to children, but also cause serious psychological damage. Children’s eye trauma injuries are divided into the following categories: 1, sharp injuries: such as knives, scissors, needles, disposable syringes, glass, etc.; 2, blunt injuries: earth and stone, sticks, toys, fists and feet, toys, stationery, etc.; 3, explosive injuries: such as firecrackers, detonators, light bulbs, bottles, etc.; 4, livestock injuries: such as bird peck injuries, livestock horns hit injuries, etc.; 5, chemical injuries: such as acids and alkalis, paints, detergents and so on. For the prevention of eye trauma in children, the first thing to emphasize is safety education. Parents and teachers should explain to students the causes and hazards of eye trauma, so that children can enhance self-protection awareness. Secondly, to stay away from danger, parents should put knives, scissors and other dangerous objects in places where children can not reach, do not buy poor quality, offensive toys, do not allow children to play with disposable syringes, prohibit fireworks, firecrackers, avoid approaching livestock, poultry. Once an eye trauma occurs, it should be handled in a timely and correct manner. Chemical injuries should be rinsed with water as soon as possible and then sent to the hospital. When mechanical eye trauma occurs, it is important to seek prompt medical attention. In the case of open wounds, avoid squeezing and applying eye ointment, and send to the hospital as soon as possible after applying a hard cardboard box cover for simple protection.