It is well known that patients with profound deafness can improve their hearing with a cochlear implant (CI). However, for those patients with cochlear nerve damage or even complete neurological loss, the auditory brainstem implant (ABI) is designed for these patients who lack complete cochlear nerve function and are unable to improve their hearing with a cochlear implant. ABI is suitable for patients with neurofibromtosis type 2 (NF2), ventricular dysphonia, neurogenic deafness, and poor cochlear implant results. At present, there are about 100,000 such patients in China, and the number is increasing by about 6,000 per year, so there is an urgent need for this new treatment technology. The ABI is divided into two parts: the implantation part consists of electrodes, cables and receivers, and the stimulator, while the in vitro part consists of the transmitter (trandmitter) coil, the pickup (electroacoustic transducer), the speech processor and the connecting wires. First, after electrodes are implanted into the patient’s brainstem cochlear nucleus through the ABI implantation procedure, activation of the ABI device begins 4-8 weeks after the implantation procedure. Hearing improvement in patients receiving ABI is a relatively slow process that requires a period of speech training to gradually stimulate the cochlear nerve and restore their hearing. Improvements in sound perception, including the ability to recognize open speech, may take several years in some patients, and some patients may even continue to improve their auditory behavior 8 years after ABI implantation. Therefore, we follow patients every 3 months during the first year of electrode implantation and annually thereafter to periodically evaluate the patient’s response to individual stimulation electrodes and to appropriately modulate the program within the sound processor. ABI safely and effectively provides usable hearing for most patients with NF2 who have lost complete auditory nerve function due to auditory neuroma resection, enabling them to perceive environmental sounds, increase speech recognition, and improve their communication skills. Most patients have improved their lip-reading ability with the use of ABI devices. Some patients are able to converse with others with ABI alone (without the aid of lip reading). ABI technology has been used in clinical treatment in developed countries for more than 20 years, with good results. However, it has not been carried out in China because of its inexpensive price and the difficulty of brainstem surgery and the lack of knowledge of electrophysiology and brainstem tissue reactivity. Now, we at Tiantan Hospital have developed domestic ABI electrodes. The localization of ABI electrodes will greatly reduce the cost of electrode implantation and can improve the hearing condition of more deaf patients, bringing hope to the majority of patients.