The length of hospitalization for encephalitis varies depending on the cause, severity of the disease, the patient’s physical condition, the presence of complications, etc. Generally, viral encephalitis requires hospitalization for 14-21 days. Common causes of encephalitis include viral, bacterial, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, fungal and other pathogenic infections. Other causes are allergic diseases such as autoimmune encephalitis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Most of the so-called encephalitis refers to viral encephalitis, and the main treatment includes antiviral therapy and symptomatic treatment, including bed rest, keeping the airway open, oxygen and sputum suction if necessary, supplying certain water, nutrition and electrolytes, reducing cerebral edema, antiepilepsy, and preventing complications. If the degree of viral encephalitis is more severe and the complications are more frequent, the treatment time will be extended accordingly. If the patient presents with coma and respiratory failure, it indicates a poor prognosis.