The pain of encephalitis is distributed around the lesion tissue and is difficult to locate accurately. When the lesion affects the meninges, it is often diffusely distributed and is generally dominated by swelling pain, and overdrive-like pain can occur when the head is lowered in the posterior occipital region, suggesting positive meningeal irritation signs. In addition, patients with different types of encephalitis, such as epidemic B encephalitis, septic encephalitis and tuberculous encephalitis, also have their own characteristics of headache symptoms: 1. Epidemic B encephalitis: It mostly develops in the summer and autumn and can be spread by mosquito bites. Patients have persistent headache and may have dull headache; 2. Septic encephalitis: It is an infectious disease caused by septic bacteria, and the headache is mostly sharp pain in the whole brain, accompanied by burning sensation in the head or persistent vague pain; 3. The symptoms are relatively mild and generally within the body’s tolerance range, but last for a long time. Patients with encephalitis experience headaches because inflammation stimulates the meningeal tissue, which is densely distributed with nociceptive fibers. Brain tissue edema and hemorrhage lead to increased intracranial pressure, causing compression of the brain and surrounding associated tissues. The edema and exudation of brain tissue then stimulates and pulls on the meninges, cranial nerves and blood vessels at the base of the skull that have pain-sensitive structures, thus causing a pulling headache. Currently, the disease is generally relieved by treatment in terms of lowering cranial pressure, controlling inflammation, and antiviral treatment.